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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Radiation Biology: Covering the Physical, Chemical, Biological, and Medical Effects of Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiations >Proteomics of cancer stem cells
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Proteomics of cancer stem cells

机译：癌症干细胞的蛋白质组学

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Purpose: New understanding of cancer stem cell (CSC) biology continues to emerge due to development of novel methods in genomics and proteomics. Analysis of nucleic acids (RNA, DNA) is widely used to elucidate molecular perturbations in malignant tumors and carcinoma cells, however genome data do not reflect the functional activities of encoded proteins. Therefore proteome-based methods could enhance knowledge about deregulation of pathways as a result of altered expression and activities of proteins in CSC. Methods and results: A sufficient number of CSC for proteomic analyses can be obtained in a variety of ways: Fluorescence (FACS) and magnetic (MACS) activated cell sorting, laser cell capture microdissection, and three-dimensional spheroid/organoid cell culture. These methods to enrich and isolate CSC can be performed either with or without staining using antibodies against currently known CSC-specific cell surface molecules, such as clusters of differentiation 44, 24, 133 (CD44, CD24, CD133), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), aldehyde-dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1), etc. The most important limitation on using antibody-based staining of CSC is that we still do not possess definitive CSC surface markers. This review article discusses methods that could be used to study protein profiling of CSC and to identify novel CSC-specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Conclusion: Despite an opinion that the proteomic approach is time-consuming, laborious and difficult, this method can be used effectively to clarify which pathways are involved in regulating various intratumoral processes, including activation of CSC. Based on this point of view, searching and identification of single molecules as biomarkers or therapeutic targets could become possible when CSC-associated pathways are well described and clearly understood due to detailed investigation of the protein patterns in pre-clinical models and clinical samples.
机译：目的：由于基因组学和蛋白质组学领域新方法的发展，对癌症干细胞（CSC）生物学的新认识不断涌现。核酸（RNA，DNA）分析被广泛用于阐明恶性肿瘤和癌细胞中的分子扰动，但是基因组数据不能反映编码蛋白的功能活性。因此，基于蛋白质组的方法可能会由于CSC中蛋白质表达和活性的改变而增强有关通路失调的知识。方法和结果：可以通过多种方式获得足够数量的CSC用于蛋白质组学分析：荧光（FACS）和磁性（MACS）激活细胞分选，激光细胞捕获显微切割以及三维球体/有机体细胞培养。这些富集和分离CSC的方法可以使用抗目前已知的CSC特异性细胞表面分子（例如分化簇44、24、133（CD44，CD24，CD133），上皮细胞粘附分子（ EpCAM），醛脱氢酶-1（ALDH1）等。使用基于抗体的CSC染色最重要的限制是我们仍然没有确定的CSC表面标记。这篇综述文章讨论了可用于研究CSC的蛋白质谱分析以及鉴定新型CSC特异性生物标志物和治疗靶标的方法。结论：尽管认为蛋白质组学方法耗时，费力且困难，但该方法可有效用于阐明哪些途径参与调节各种肿瘤内过程，包括激活CSC。基于这种观点，由于对临床前模型和临床样品中蛋白质模式的详细研究，可以很好地描述和清楚地了解与CSC相关的途径，从而可以搜索和鉴定作为生物标记物或治疗靶标的单个分子。

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