Resting metabolic rate and thermogenic effect of glucose in trained and untrained girls age 11-15 years.

Burkhard Jagodzinska-K; Nazar K; Ladyga M; Starczewska Czapowska-J; Borkowski L

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Resting metabolic rate and thermogenic effect of glucose in trained and untrained girls age 11-15 years.

机译：11-15岁的训练有素和未经训练的女孩的静息代谢率和葡萄糖的生热作用。

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Twelve girls who trained in rowing were examined twice a year for 4 years. Their initial age was 11.7 +/- (SD) 0.2 yrs. Control groups consisted of 13 girls age 11.5 +/- 0.3 yrs and 18 girls age 14.4 +/- 0.3 yrs examined simultaneously with trained girls in the first and last year of the study, respectively. The examination involved basic anthropometry, estimation of sexual maturation (Tanner scale), 2-day food records, measurements of resting metabolic rate, energy expenditure following glucose ingestion (50 g), and determinations of blood glucose and plasma insulin concentrations prior to and 2 hrs after glucose load. Body mass, height, and fat content were slightly greater in trained girls. None of the subjects reported disturbances in menstrual function, and the age of menarche was similar for all. Both trained and untrained girls reported similar daily energy intake closer to the lower limit or slightly below the estimates of energy requirements for adolescents. Resting metabolic rate calculated per kg of total body mass or lean body mass was lower in trained girls, while the thermogenic effect of glucose was greater. Plasma insulin concentrations measured 2 hrs after glucose ingestion were lower in trained girls. The results suggest that in circumpubertal girls, increased physical activity leads to energy conservation at rest in postabsorptive state and a tendency toward enhancement of food-induced thermogenesis.

机译：十二名接受赛艇训练的女孩每年接受两次检查，为期4年。他们的初始年龄是11.7 +/-（SD）0.2岁。对照组分别由13名11.5 +/- 0.3岁的女孩和18名14.4 +/- 0.3岁的女孩在研究的第一年和最后一年与受过训练的女孩同时检查。这项检查涉及基本的人体测量学，性成熟估计（坦纳量表），2天食物记录，静息代谢率的测量，葡萄糖摄入（50克）后的能量消耗以及测定血糖的血糖和血浆胰岛素浓度，以及2葡萄糖负荷后数小时。受过训练的女孩的体重，身高和脂肪含量略高。没有受试者报告月经功能障碍，所有女性的初潮年龄相似。训练有素和未经训练的女孩都报告了相似的每日能量摄入，接近下限或略低于青少年的能量需求估计值。在受过训练的女孩中，按每千克总体重或瘦体重计算的静息代谢率较低，而葡萄糖的产热效应则较大。训练有素的女孩在摄入葡萄糖2小时后测得的血浆胰岛素浓度较低。结果表明，在青春期女孩中，增加运动量会导致吸收后状态下的静息能量守恒，并有增强食物诱发的生热的趋势。

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《International journal of sport nutrition》 |1999年第4期|共13页
作者
Burkhard Jagodzinska-K; Nazar K; Ladyga M; Starczewska Czapowska-J; Borkowski L;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类营养卫生、食品卫生;
关键词
Body Composition; Body Temperature Regulation; Diet; Energy Metabolism; Exercise; 身体成分; 体温调节; 膳食; 能量代谢; 运动(Exercise); 葡萄糖;

机译：Body Composition;Body Temperature Regulation;Diet;Energy Metabolism;Exercise;身体成分;体温调节;膳食;能量代谢;运动(Exercise);葡萄糖;

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1. Resting metabolic rate and thermogenic effect of glucose in trained and untrained girls age 11-15 years. [J] . Burkhard Jagodzinska-K, Nazar K, Ladyga M, International journal of sport nutrition . 1999,第4期

机译：11-15岁的训练有素和未经训练的女孩的静息代谢率和葡萄糖的生热作用。
2. Effects of habitual physical activity on the resting metabolic rates and body compositions of women aged 35 to 50 years. [J] . Gilliat Wimberly M, Manore MM, Woolf K, Journal of the American Dietetic Association . 2001,第10期

机译：习惯性体育锻炼对35至50岁女性的静息代谢率和身体成分的影响。
3. Age differences in growth and physical abilities in trained and untrained girls 10-17 years of age. [J] . Loko J, Aule R, Sikkut T, American journal of human biology: the official journal of the Human Biology Council . 2003,第1期

机译：10-17岁受过训练和未经训练的女孩的成长和身体能力的年龄差异。
4. An Integrated Approach for Metabolic Pathway Analysis Based on Metabolic Signal Flow Diagram and Cellular Energetics for Saccharomyces cerevisiae Grown on Glucose [C] . Huidong Shi, Kazuyuki Shimizu International conference on soft computing . 1996

机译：基于代谢信号流图和细胞能量学的葡萄糖酵母酿酒酵母代谢途径综合分析方法
5. Examining the influence of recovery strategy and rest interval length on performance in trained and untrained individuals. [D] . Pettit, Neil. 2016

机译：检查恢复策略和休息时间间隔长度对受过训练和未经训练的人的表现的影响。
6. Effects of the Intensity of Leg Isometric Training on the Vasculature of Trained and Untrained Limbs and Resting Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged Men [O] . Anthony W. Baross, Jonathan D. Wiles, Ian L. Swaine 2012

机译：腿部等距锻炼强度对中年男子经训练和未经训练的肢体血管及静息血压的影响
7. Endothermy of dynastine scarab beetles (Cyclocephala colasi) associated with pollination biology of a thermogenic arum lily (Philodendron solimoesense) : Cyclocephala colasi beetles are facultative endotherms that spend most of their adult lives inside the inflorescences of Philodendron solimoesense, where ambient temperature (Ta) averages about 28°C due to floral thermogenesis. Measurements of respiration within a range of Ta showed that active beetles became spontaneously endothermic at Ta below 28°C but were rarely endothermic above it. There was no evidence of endothermy within the inflorescences, indicating that activities in the floral chamber can occur without the high energy expense of endothermy. Bouts of endothermy occurred at lower Ta in respirometer chambers mainly in the evening, when the insects normally fly from one inflorescence to another, and during the night, when they normally eat and mate within the inflorescence. Patterns of endothermy in individual episodes were studied in non-flying beetles with respirometry and infrared thermal imaging. Heat was generated in the thorax by oscillatory waves of respiration that were coupled with thoracic temperature (Tth) increases. Stationary beetles could regulate Tth at about 33°C independently of Ta between 16 and 29°C. At Ta20°C, this represents a 116-fold increase in metabolic rate over resting, ectothermic values. Endothermy was clearly a requirement for flight, and beetles departing inflorescences warmed to about 30°C before take-off. During flight, Tth was dependent on Ta, decreasing from 37 to 28°C at Ta of 37 to 20°C, respectively. The lowest Ta at which flight could occur was about 20°C. Thermal conductance of stationary, endothermic beetles increased at higher metabolic rates, probably because of increased ventilatory heat loss. [O] . Seymour, R.S., White, C.R., Gibernau, Marc 2009

机译：与产热香芋百合（Philodendron solimoesense）授粉生物学相关的动态圣甲虫（Cyclocephala colasi）吸热：Cyclocephala colasi甲虫是兼性吸热体，它们大部分成年生活都在Philodendron solimoesense的花序中，其平均温度（Ta）由于花的生热作用，温度约为28°C。在Ta范围内的呼吸测量表明，活跃的甲虫在Ta低于28°C时会自发吸热，而在Ta高于28°C时很少吸热。在花序中没有吸热的迹象，表明花室中的活动可以在没有高的吸热能量消耗的情况下发生。吸热的爆发主要发生在晚上，当昆虫通常从一个花序飞到另一个花序时，以及在晚上，它们通常在花序中进食并交配时，在呼吸计室的较低Ta处发生。在非飞行甲虫中通过呼吸测定法和红外热成像研究了单个发作中的吸热模式。伴随着胸温（Tth）升高的呼吸振荡波在胸腔中产生热量。固定甲虫可以在约33°C的温度下调节Tth，而与Ta在16至29°C之间的温度无关。在Ta20°C下，这表示其代谢速率比静止的，等温的升高116倍。吸热显然是飞行的要求，离开花序的甲虫在起飞前会升温到约30°C。在飞行过程中，Tth取决于Ta，在Ta从37降至20°C时，Tth分别从37°C降至28°C。可能发生飞行的最低Ta约为20°C。固定的，吸热的甲虫的热导率以较高的代谢率增加，这可能是由于通风热损失增加所致。
8. Metabolic Changes Following Eccentric Exercise in Trained and Untrained Men [R] . Evans, W. J., Meredith, C. N., Cannon, J. G., 1986

机译：经过训练和未经训练的男性离心运动后的代谢变化

Resting metabolic rate and thermogenic effect of glucose in trained and untrained girls age 11-15 years.

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