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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of sport nutrition >Nutritional and physiological status of U.S. national figure skaters.
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Nutritional and physiological status of U.S. national figure skaters.

机译：美国国家花样滑冰运动员的营养和生理状况。

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This study assessed the nutrient intake, body composition and biochemical indices of National Figure Skating Championship competitors. Four-day diet records, fasting blood samples, and anthropometric measurements were obtained 2 months after the National Championships from 41 figure skaters 11-18 years of age. Energy, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fiber and cholesterol intake were significantly lower compared to the NHANES III averages for adolescents in the U.S. In general, the mean intakes for most vitamins except vitamin D and E were above the recommended intake. But the athletes had lower intakes of vitamin E and B12, and higher intakes of vitamin C, and thiamin (females only) compared with NHANES III. The mean intakes of magnesium, zinc, and iodine by the male skaters were below the recommended levels, as were the mean intakes of calcium, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, and zinc by the female skaters. Also, the number of servings from vegetable, fruit, dairy, and meat groups were below the recommended levels. Biochemical indices of nutritional status were within normal limits for all skaters. But plasma electrolyte concentrations were indicative of potential dehydration status. The results suggest there is a need to develop dietary intervention and educational programs targeted at promoting optimal nutrient and fluid intakes by these athletes to maintain performance and improve long-term health status.
机译：这项研究评估了全国花样滑冰锦标赛选手的营养摄入，身体成分和生化指标。全国冠军赛2个月后，从41个11-18岁的花样滑冰运动员中获得了四天的饮食记录，空腹血液样本和人体测量数据。与美国青少年的NHANES III平均水平相比，能量，碳水化合物，脂肪，膳食纤维和胆固醇的摄入量要低得多。通常，除维生素D和E以外的大多数维生素的平均摄入量均高于建议的摄入量。但是与NHANES III相比，运动员的维生素E和B12摄入量较低，维生素C和硫胺素（仅女性）摄入量较高。男性滑冰者的镁，锌和碘的平均摄入量低于建议水平，女性滑冰者的钙，铁，磷，镁和锌的平均摄入量也低于建议水平。另外，来自蔬菜，水果，乳制品和肉类的份量也低于建议水平。营养状况的生化指标在所有滑冰者的正常范围内。但是血浆电解质浓度指示潜在的脱水状态。结果表明，有必要制定饮食干预措施和教育计划，以促进这些运动员获得最佳的营养和体液摄入，以保持体能并改善长期健康状况。

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