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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Rural Management >Land Reform Management in Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe: A Comparative Perspective
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Land Reform Management in Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe: A Comparative Perspective

机译：纳米比亚，南非和津巴布韦的土地改革管理：比较视角

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This article compares land reform management in Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe—three countries in Southern Africa sharing a similar history of race-based minority rule characterized by extensive land expropriation that pushed indigenous black populations into unfertile reserves during the colonial era. Although each of the three countries has pressures for land redistribution resulting in land invasions, they have had very different reactions and approaches to the management of land reform issues that they face. While the Zimbabwean government has supported and encouraged land invasions resulting in a chaotic land management process, the Namibian and the South African governments have had very little sympathy with land invaders and have insisted on an orderly process. What accounts for these different reactions in the management of land reform? What are the dynamics at play in encouraging the forceful distribution of land in Zimbabwe but not in Namibia and South Africa? Examining the extensiveliterature and research available, this conceptual article compares the dilemmas that the three countries face and discusses the way they have managed land reform. The rationale for the article is that land reform (and the accompanying land redistribution) is important for buying social peace in communities where land alienation meant extreme forms of land division by race. The manner in which land reform is managed might condition the social and political stability of the three countries.
机译：本文比较了纳米比亚，南非和津巴布韦的土地改革管理，南部非洲的三个国家有着类似的基于种族的少数族裔统治历史，其特征是广泛的土地征用，这在殖民时代将土著黑人人口推向了不肥的保护区。尽管这三个国家中的每个国家都面临着重新分配土地的压力，从而导致土地入侵，但它们在管理所面临的土地改革问题上的反应和方式却截然不同。尽管津巴布韦政府支持并鼓励土地入侵，导致土地管理过程混乱，但纳米比亚和南非政府对入侵者的同情很少，并坚持有序进行。是什么解释了土地改革管理中的这些不同反应？鼓励在津巴布韦（而不是在纳米比亚和南非）强行分配土地的动力是什么？通过研究广泛的文献资料和研究，这篇概念文章比较了这三个国家面临的困境，并讨论了他们管理土地改革的方式。本文的理由是，土地改革（以及随之而来的土地重新分配）对于在社区中实现社会和平至关重要，在这些社区中，土地异化意味着种族形式的极端土地分割。土地改革的管理方式可能会影响这三个国家的社会和政治稳定。

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