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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Technology Management: The Journal of the Technology Management of Technology, Engineering Management, Technology Policy and Strategy >Career stage, benchmarking and collective research
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Career stage, benchmarking and collective research

机译：职业阶段，基准测试和集体研究

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This paper provides an answer to the puzzle of why, in a system where collaboration is increasingly important and life-cycle models provide a modest explanation of observable outcomes, the career stage of the individual remains an important concept, We argue that three factors are key to the explanation of this paradox. First, the reward structure in science, particularly in academe, places great emphasis on the attainment of benchmarks in the context of a career. Second, the funding mechanism by which university laboratories have traditionally been supported in the US places great emphasis on the individual and often is targeted to the career stage of the individual. Third, the funding regime which has evolved in the US encourages the use of doctoral students and post doctoral students as researchers in the laboratories. This provides for a system in which a fugue of life cycles plays out in the laboratory and a means by which networks are put in place as early career scientists leave the nest and go about establishing their own laboratories or move to the laboratories of others. [References: 22]
机译：本文为以下难题提供了答案：为什么在协作日益重要且生命周期模型对可观察到的结果进行适度解释的系统中，个人的职业阶段仍然是一个重要概念，我们认为三个因素是关键解释这个悖论。首先，科学，特别是学术界的奖励结构非常重视在职业背景下达到基准。第二，美国传统上一直为大学实验室提供支持的筹资机制非常重视个人，并且往往针对个人的职业阶段。第三，在美国发展的资助制度鼓励在实验室中使用博士生和博士后作为研究人员。这提供了一种系统，可以在实验室中消除生命周期的曲折，并提供一种在早期职业科学家离开巢穴并着手建立自己的实验室或转移到其他实验室时就可以建立网络的方法。 [参考：22]

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