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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Wildland Fire >Contemporary fire regimes of northern Australia, 1997-2001: change since Aboriginal occupancy, challenges for sustainable management
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Contemporary fire regimes of northern Australia, 1997-2001: change since Aboriginal occupancy, challenges for sustainable management

机译：1997-2001年，澳大利亚北部当代火灾状况：原住民居住以来的变化，可持续管理的挑战

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Considerable research has been undertaken over the past two decades to apply remote sensing to the study of fire regimes across the savannas of northern Australia. This work has focused on two spatial scales of imagery resolution: coarse-resolution NOAA-AVHRR imagery for savanna-wide assessments both of the daily distribution of fires ('hot spots'), and cumulative mapping of burnt areas('fire-scars') over the annual cycle; and fine-resolution Landsat imagery for undertaking detailed assessments of regional fire regimes. Importantly, substantial effort has been given to the validation of fire mapping products at both scales of resolution. At the savanna-wide scale, fire mapping activities have established that: ( 1) contrary to recent perception, from a national perspective the great majority of burning in any one year typically occurs in the tropical savannas; ( 2) the distribution of burning across the savannas is very uneven, occurring mostly in sparsely settled, higher rainfall, northern coastal and subcoastal regions (north-west Kimberley, Top End of the Northern Territory, around the Gulf of Carpentaria) across a variety of major land uses ( pastoral, conservation, indigenous); whereas ( 3) limited burning is undertaken in regions with productive soils supporting more intensive pastoral management, particularly in Queensland; and ( 4) on a seasonal basis, most burning occurs in the latter half of the dry season, typically as uncontrolled wildfire. Decadal fine-resolution fire histories have also been assembled from multi-scene Landsat imagery for a number of fire-prone large properties (e.g. Kakadu and Nitmiluk National Parks) and local regions ( e. g. Sturt Plateau and Victoria River District, Northern Territory). These studies have facilitated more refined description of various fire regime parameters ( fire extent, seasonality, frequency, interval, patchiness) and, as dealt with elsewhere in this special issue, associated ecological assessments. This paper focuses firstly on the patterning of contemporary fire regimes across the savanna landscapes of northern Australia, and then addresses the implications of these data for our understanding of changes in fire regime since Aboriginal occupancy, and implications of contemporary patterns on biodiversity and emerging greenhouse issues.
机译：在过去的二十年中，已经进行了相当多的研究，以将遥感应用于整个澳大利亚北部稀树草原的火情研究。这项工作着重于图像分辨率的两个空间尺度：用于大草原范围的大面积评估的大分辨率NOAA-AVHRR图像，包括火灾的日常分布（“热点”）和烧伤区域的累积绘图（“火疤”）。 ）在年度周期内;高分辨率的Landsat影像，用于对区域火灾状况进行详细评估。重要的是，已经在两个分辨率级别上对火灾地图产品的验证做出了巨大的努力。在整个热带稀树草原范围内，火灾制图活动已经确定：（1）与最近的看法相反，从国家的角度来看，任何一年的绝大部分燃烧通常发生在热带稀树草原; （2）整个稀树草原的燃烧分布非常不均匀，主要发生在稀疏定居，较高的降雨，北部沿海和近沿海地区（西北金伯利，北领地的顶端，卡彭塔利亚湾周围），且分布多样。主要土地用途（牧区，保护区，土著）; （3）在土壤肥沃的地区进行有限的焚烧，以支持更深入的牧场管理，特别是在昆士兰州; （4）在季节性基础上，大多数燃烧发生在干旱季节的后半段，通常是不受控制的野火。还从多场景Landsat影像中收集了十年代精细分辨率的火灾历史记录，这些图像包括许多易发火灾的大型物业（例如卡卡杜和尼特米鲁克国家公园）和当地区域（例如北领地的Sturt Plateau和Victoria River District）。这些研究促进了对各种火灾状况参数（火灾程度，季节，频率，间隔，斑块）的更精细描述，并且，如本特刊中其他地方所述，还进行了相关的生态评估。本文首先关注澳大利亚北部大草原景观上的现代火灾状况的模式，然后讨论这些数据对我们对土著居住以来火灾状况变化的理解的含义，以及当代模式对生物多样性和新兴温室问题的影响。 。

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