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Community mental health services for the mentally ill: Practices and ethics

机译：为精神病患者提供的社区精神卫生服务：实践和伦理

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摘要

Background. Approximately 54 million people around the world suffer from severe mental disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder (manic-depressive illness). In addition, 154 million people suffer from depression. Globally, progressive reforms have determined the changes in the provision of mental health services, with the current emphasis on community orientated care. Objective. This paper focuses on the strategies in use in developing countries and enlisting interventions in high resource settings. The ethics of community interventions are highlighted. Methods. English language literature on the subject was obtained thorough searches in PubMed, other indexed journals and published books. Results. Literature indicates the heterogeneity of the community programmes. While abundant literature exists on ethics in research, the ethical issues of community-based mental health intervention has not been widely dealt with. Conclusion. Community care is emerging globally as an important method of service provision. While obstacles in varying forms remain, the benefits are gradually becoming visible. Mental health services can develop effectively if there is adherence to a principle ethical base, which respects the human rights of individuals living with mental illness.
机译：背景。世界各地约有5400万人患有严重的精神疾病，例如精神分裂症和双相情感障碍（躁狂抑郁症）。此外，还有1.54亿人患有抑郁症。在全球范围内，渐进式改革确定了精神卫生服务提供的变化，目前重点是面向社区的护理。目的。本文着重于发展中国家使用的策略以及在高资源环境中的干预措施。强调了社区干预的伦理。方法。可以在PubMed，其他索引期刊和出版的书籍中进行全面搜索，以获得有关该主题的英语文献。结果。文献表明社区计划的异质性。尽管研究中有关伦理学的文献很多，但基于社区的心理健康干预的伦理学问题尚未得到广泛处理。结论。社区护理正在全球范围内逐渐成为一种重要的服务提供方法。尽管仍然存在各种形式的障碍，但好处逐渐显现出来。如果坚持一个原则性的道德基础，即尊重精神疾病患者个人的人权，精神卫生服务就可以有效地发展。

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