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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Zoology >Physical Condition, Sex, and Age-Class of Eastern Red-Backed Salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) in Forested and Open Habitats of West Virginia, USA
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Physical Condition, Sex, and Age-Class of Eastern Red-Backed Salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) in Forested and Open Habitats of West Virginia, USA

机译：美国西弗吉尼亚州有林和空地的东部红背Sal（Plethodon cinereus）的身体状况，性别和年龄类别

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摘要

Nonforested habitats such as open fields and pastures have been considered unsuitable for desiccation-prone woodland salamanders such as the Eastern Red-backed Salamander (Plethodon cinereus). Recent research has suggested that Plethodon cinereus maynot only disperse across but also reside within open habitats including fields, meadows, and pastures. However, presence and high densities of P. cinereus within agriculturally disturbed habitats may be misleading if these populations exhibit atypical demographic characteristics or decreased physical condition relative to forest populations. We surveyed artificial cover boards from 2004-2005 to compare physical condition, sex ratios, and age-class structure of P cinereus among woodland, woodland-meadowedge, silvopasture, and meadow sites in the central Appalachian Mountains of southern West Virginia. Physical condition of salamanders was not significantly different among the four habitats. Furthermore, adult sex ratios of P. cinereus typically were not significantly different from 1:1 and were similar between forested and non-forested sites, although populations within silvopastures were biased towards females. However, adult salamanders were significantly more abundant than juveniles in all habitattypes, with differences most pronounced within meadow habitats. Our study indicates that relatively small, non-forested habitats such as silvopastures and meadows may not adversely affect the overall physical condition or sex ratios of Plethodon cinereus. However, the paucity of juveniles within disturbed meadows indicates that these agriculturally modified habitats may negatively impact reproduction or that immature salamanders are at a physiological or competitive disadvantage in comparison to adults, particularly when surface cover is limited.
机译：非森林栖息地，例如开阔的田地和牧场，被认为不适合于易于干燥的林地sal，例如东部红背Sal（Plethodon cinereus）。最近的研究表明，Plethodon cinereus不仅可以散布在各处，而且还可以居住在开阔的生境中，包括田野，草地和牧场。但是，如果这些种群表现出非典型的人口统计学特征或相对于森林种群而言，身体条件下降，那么在农业受到干扰的栖息地中的灰霉病菌的存在和高密度可能会误导人们。我们调查了2004年至2005年的人造盖板，以比较西维吉尼亚州南部阿巴拉契亚山脉中部的林地，林地草甸，植被和草地场所中灰灰霉的身体状况，性别比和年龄结构。 four的身体状况在这四个栖息地之间没有显着差异。此外，尽管森林植被中的种群偏向于女性，但灰褐假单胞菌的成年性别比通常与1：1并无显着差异，并且在有森林和无森林的地点之间相似。然而，在所有生境类型中，成年sal的数量明显多于少年，而草地生境中的差异最为明显。我们的研究表明，相对较小的非森林生境（如森林植被和草地）可能不会对灰褐色的整体物理状况或性别比产生不利影响。但是，受干扰的草地上的幼鱼很少，这表明这些经过农业改良的栖息地可能会对繁殖产生不利影响，或者与成年动物相比，不成熟的sal在生理或竞争上处于不利地位，特别是在地表覆盖率有限的情况下。

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