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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Zoology >Density-Dependent Habitat Selection in a Growing Threespine Stickleback Population
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Density-Dependent Habitat Selection in a Growing Threespine Stickleback Population

机译：不断增长的三脊棘背式种群的密度依赖性生境选择。

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摘要

Human-induced eutrophication has increased offspring production in a population of threespine stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus in the Baltic Sea. Here, we experimentally investigated the effects of an increased density of juveniles on behaviours that influence survival and dispersal, and, hence, population growth—habitat choice, risk taking, and foraging rate. Juveniles were allowed to choose between two habitats that differed in structural complexity, in the absence and presence of predators andconspecific juveniles. In the absence of predators or conspecifics, juveniles preferred the more complex habitat. The preference was further enhanced in the presence of a natural predator, a perch Percafluviatilis (behind a transparent Plexiglas wall). However, an increased density of conspecifics relaxed the predator-enhanced preference for the complex habitat and increased the use of the open, more predator-exposed habitat. Foraging rate was reduced under increased perceived predation risk. These results suggest that density-dependent behaviours can cause individuals to choose suboptimal habitats where predation risk is high and foraging rate low. This could contribute to the regulation of population growth in eutrophicated areas where offspring production is high.
机译：在波罗的海，人为的富营养化增加了三脊棘背式Gasterosteus aculeatus种群的后代产量。在这里，我们通过实验研究了少年密度增加对行为的影响，这些行为影响生存和传播，进而影响人口增长（栖息地选择，冒险和觅食率）。在没有掠食者和同种幼体的情况下，允许少年在结构复杂度不同的两个栖息地之间进行选择。在没有掠食者或同种动物的情况下，少年们更喜欢较复杂的栖息地。在天然捕食者鲈鱼Percafluviatilis（透明的有机玻璃墙后）的存在下，这种偏好进一步增强。但是，随着物种的增加，放宽了捕食者对复杂栖息地的偏好，并增加了对开放的，捕食者接触较多的栖息地的利用。在增加捕食风险的情况下，觅食率降低。这些结果表明，依赖密度的行为可以使个体选择捕食风险高而觅食率低的次佳栖息地。这可能有助于调节后代产量高的富营养化地区的人口增长。

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