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Discussion on chemical energy utilisation of reducing gas in reduction shaft furnace

机译：还原竖炉还原气体化学能利用的探讨

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The reduction shaft furnace is a countercurrent moving bed cylindrical reactor in which hematite pellets are reduced by a gas mixture of H_2 and CO. Most of the reduction shaft furnaces use hydrogen rich gas as reducing gas. The materials and heat balances show that the heat balance determines the gas consumption. Compared with the gas requirement by reduction reaction, a much greater quantity of gas has to be blown into the furnace to satisfy the heat balance, leading to a high energy consumption and high excess of reduction potential of top gas. To solve this problem, a new approach is proposed where some oxygen is blown into the upper zone of the shaft furnace. As the feasibility study of such an approach, a static model was developed first to calculate input gas flowrate and oxygen rate. Then, based on conservations of mass and heat, a kinetic model for a typical MIDREX shaft furnace was developed to investigate the proper position for oxygen blowing. The model predictions were validated by comparison with production data. Finally, a kinetic model was developed to investigate the process of shaft furnace with oxygen blowing. The results show that the gas consumption can be reduced from 1897 to 1405 N m~3 tDRI~(-1) with oxygen blowing of 20.3 N m~3 tDRI~(-1). After oxygen blowing, the temperature increases sharply, the concentration of CO and H_2 decreases, and reduction potential of top gas decreases from 1.48 to 0.69, showing that the gas utilisation is greatly improved. These models can be used for process optimisation development.
机译：还原竖炉是逆流移动床圆柱形反应器，其中赤铁矿球团通过H_2和CO的气体混合物被还原。大多数还原竖炉使用富氢气体作为还原气体。材料和热平衡表明，热平衡决定了气体消耗。与通过还原反应的气体需求相比，必须将大量的气体吹入炉中以满足热平衡，从而导致高能量消耗和炉顶气体的还原潜力过大。为了解决这个问题，提出了一种新的方法，其中一些氧气被吹入竖炉的上部区域。作为这种方法的可行性研究，首先开发了一个静态模型来计算输入气体流量和氧气速率。然后，基于质量和热量的守恒，开发了典型MIDREX竖炉的动力学模型，以研究吹氧的合适位置。通过与生产数据进行比较来验证模型预测。最后，建立了动力学模型以研究吹氧竖炉的过程。结果表明，采用20.3 N m〜3 tDRI〜（-1）吹氧可将耗气量从1897 Nm〜3 tDRI〜（-1）降低。吹氧后，温度急剧升高，CO和H_2的浓度降低，炉顶气的还原电位从1.48降至0.69，表明气体利用率得到了极大提高。这些模型可用于过程优化开发。

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