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Multiparameter estimation with acoustic vertical transverse isotropic full-waveform inversion of surface seismic data

机译：地表地震数据声垂直横观各向同性全波形反演的多参数估计

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Obtaining accurate depth-migrated images demands an anisotropic representation of the earth. As a prominent tool for building high-resolution earth models, full-waveform inversion (FWI) therefore must not only account for anisotropy during wavefield simulation but also reconstruct the anisotropy fields. We have developed an inversion strategy to perform acoustic multiparameter FWI of surface seismic data in transversely isotropic media with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI). During the early era of FWI practice, most studies only invert for the most dominant parameter, that is, the vertical velocity, and the rest of the model parameters are either ignored or kept constant. Recently, more and more emphases focus on inverting for more parameters, such as for the vertical velocity and the anisotropy fields; these are referred to as multiparameter inversion. Due to the dominant influence of the vertical velocity on the kinematics of surface seismic data, we have developed a hierarchical approach to invert for the vertical velocity first, but we kept the anisotropy fields unchanged and only switched to joint inversion of the vertical velocity and the anisotropy fields when the inversion for the vertical velocity approaches convergence. In addition, we have illustrated the necessity of incorporating the diving and reflection energy during inversion to mitigate the nonuniqueness of the solutions caused by the coupling between the vertical velocity and the anisotropy fields. We also demonstrate the success of our method for VTI FWI using synthetic and real data examples based on marine surface seismic acquisition. Our results show that incorporation of multiparameter anisotropy inversion produced better focused migration images.
机译：要获得准确的深度偏移图像，就需要地球的各向异性表示。因此，作为建立高分辨率地球模型的重要工具，全波形反演（FWI）不仅必须考虑波场模拟过程中的各向异性，而且还必须重建各向异性场。我们已经开发了一种反演策略，可以在具有垂直对称轴（VTI）的横观各向同性介质中对表面地震数据执行声学多参数FWI。在FWI实践的早期，大多数研究仅求反了最主要的参数，即垂直速度，其余模型参数则被忽略或保持恒定。近年来，越来越多的重点放在反演更多的参数上，例如垂直速度和各向异性场。这些被称为多参数反演。由于垂直速度对地表地震数据运动学的主要影响，我们已经开发了一种分层方法来首先对垂直速度进行反演，但我们保持各向异性场不变，仅切换为垂直速度和地震波的联合反演。垂直速度反演趋于收敛时的各向异性场。此外，我们已经说明了在反演过程中合并潜水和反射能量的必要性，以减轻由垂直速度和各向异性场之间的耦合引起的解的非唯一性。我们还使用基于海洋表面地震采集的合成和真实数据示例，证明了我们的VTI FWI方法的成功。我们的结果表明，引入多参数各向异性反演可以产生更好的聚焦偏移图像。

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