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首页> 外文期刊>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences >Application of the state-and-transition approach to conservation management of a grazed Mediterranean landscape in Greece.
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Application of the state-and-transition approach to conservation management of a grazed Mediterranean landscape in Greece.

机译：状态转换法在希腊放牧的地中海景观保护管理中的应用。

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Traditionally, management of rangelands is based on the successional theory for vegetation developed by Clements. This approach, which came to be known as "the range succession model", assumes a progressive change of vegetation towards the final (climax) stage and considers grazing as a primary driver of its dynamics. This model cannot be applied in Mediterranean rangelands, however, because they are largely modified plant communities and their final stage is usually a forest or dense woodland. Such "climax-type" vegetation is not necessarily best for conservation, nor does it serve the best management objective. In addition, rangelands are fragmented areas within Mediterranean landscapes requiring an integrated approach to their conservation and management. The "state-and-transition model" developed over the last 15 years seems to be more appropriate for Mediterranean rangelands, because it accommodates a broader spectrum of vegetation changes compared to the range succession model since, besides successional factors, several management factors are also considered. In this paper, a site-specific state-and-transition model is developed for a representative Mediterranean area of northern Greece after analyzing the socio-economic and land cover/use changes for a 33-year period. The model includes four states (arable lands, grasslands, evergreen shrublands, and deciduous oak forests) and seven transitions, all of them management-related. These transitions provide an adequate explanation of the vegetation changes that occurred in the study area and can serve as measures to confront the re-dominance of woody vegetation in the region. It is concluded that the state-and-transition approach provides an effective framework for conservation management of Mediterranean rangelands and landscapes..
机译：传统上，牧场的管理基于克莱门茨开发的植被演替理论。这种方法被称为“范围演替模型”，它假设植被朝着最终（高潮）阶段逐渐变化，并认为放牧是其动态的主要驱动力。但是，该模型不能应用于地中海牧场，因为它们是经过大量改良的植物群落，它们的最后阶段通常是森林或茂密的林地。这种“高潮型”植被不一定是最佳的保护措施，也没有达到最佳的管理目标。此外，牧场是地中海景观中的零散区域，需要对其保护和管理采取综合方法。过去15年间开发的“状态转换模型”似乎更适合于地中海牧场，因为与范围演替模型相比，它涵盖了更广泛的植被变化，因为除了演替因素之外，还存在一些管理因素考虑过的。本文在分析了33年间的社会经济和土地覆盖/使用变化之后，针对希腊北部的一个典型地中海地区建立了特定于站点的状态和转换模型。该模型包括四个州（耕地，草地，常绿灌木林和落叶橡树林）和七个过渡，所有这些都与管理相关。这些转变为研究区域内发生的植被变化提供了充分的解释，并可以作为应对该地区木本植物主导地位的措施。结论是，国家和过渡方式为地中海牧场和景观的保护管理提供了有效的框架。

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