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An improved fault-tolerant control scheme for PWM inverter-fed induction motor-based EVs

机译：一种基于PWM逆变器的基于感应电动机的电动汽车的改进的容错控制方案

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摘要

This paper proposes an improved fault-tolerant control scheme for PWM inverter-fed induction motor-based electric vehicles. The proposed strategy deals with power switch (IGBTs) failures mitigation within a reconfigurable induction motor control. To increase the vehicle powertrain reliability regarding IGBT open-circuit failures, 4-wire and 4-leg PWM inverter topologies are investigated and their performances discussed in a vehicle context. The proposed fault-tolerant topologies require only minimum hardware modifications to the conventional off-the-shelf six-switch three-phase drive, mitigating the IGBTs failures by specific inverter control. Indeed, the two topologies exploit the induction motor neutral accessibility for fault-tolerant purposes. The 4-wire topology uses then classical hysteresis controllers to account for the IGBT failures. The 4-leg topology, meanwhile, uses a specific 3D space vector PWM to handle vehicle requirements in terms of size (DC bus capacitors) and cost (IGBTs number). Experiments on an induction motor drive and simulations on an electric vehicle are carried-out using a European urban driving cycle to show that the proposed fault-tolerant control approach is effective and provides a simple configuration with high performance in terms of speed and torque responses.
机译：本文提出了一种改进的基于PWM逆变器的感应电动机电动汽车的容错控制方案。所提出的策略在可重新配置的感应电动机控制中解决了电源开关（IGBT）故障的缓解问题。为了提高有关IGBT开路故障的车辆动力总成可靠性，研究了4线和4脚PWM逆变器拓扑，并在车辆环境中讨论了它们的性能。所提出的容错拓扑仅需要对常规的现成六开关三相驱动器进行最小的硬件修改，即可通过特定的逆变器控制来减轻IGBT的故障。实际上，这两种拓扑利用了感应电动机的中性可访问性来实现容错目的。然后，四线拓扑使用经典的磁滞控制器来解决IGBT故障。同时，四脚拓扑使用特定的3D空间矢量PWM来满足车辆在尺寸（直流总线电容器）和成本（IGBT数量）方面的要求。使用欧洲城市驾驶周期进行了感应电动机驱动的实验和电动汽车的仿真，结果表明，所提出的容错控制方法是有效的，并且在速度和转矩响应方面提供了一种高性能的简单配置。

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