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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological Applications >METAPOPULATION VIABILITY OF ARBOREAL MARSUPIALS IN FRAGMENTED OLD-GROWTH FORESTS - COMPARISON AMONG SPECIES
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METAPOPULATION VIABILITY OF ARBOREAL MARSUPIALS IN FRAGMENTED OLD-GROWTH FORESTS - COMPARISON AMONG SPECIES

机译：破碎的老龄林中植物巢状菌的繁殖能力-种间比较

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Computer simulation analyses using a generic package for population viability analysis (PVA) were used to examine the dynamics of a limited number of metapopulation structures of the mountain brushtail possum, Trichosurus caninus, and the greater glider, Petauroides volans. These arboreal marsupials inhabit tall eucalypt forests in southeastern Australia. As in a parallel study of Leadbeater's possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri, the results indicated that there are some metapopulation structures in which increased movement between habitat patches may have a detrimental effect on demographic stability and, in turn, reduce population persistence. These negative impacts were most pronounced in model metapopulations composed of an ensemble of very small subpopulations of 4, 10, or 20 animals. The patterns were accentuated with increased inter-patch movement as well as the addition of further small subpopulations. These counter-intuitive findings appear to result when animals from already unstable and declining sub-populations disperse into unoccupied patches of habitat that act as a type of population sink. These trends in population demography were reversed in scenarios in which larger subpopulations of 40 animals were modeled. In such cases the impacts of movement and additional habitat patches on subpopulation and metapopulation dynamics were positive. In contrast to the results for various demographic parameters, increased movement and added subpopulations had a beneficial effect on genetic variability among all the types of metapopulation structures that were examined. Results for the two species were compared to each other and also with investigations of Leadbeater's possum, Gymnobelideus leadbeateri. These comparisons confirmed general trends but also revealed potential quantitative differences in the behavior of metapopulations of T. caninus, P. volans, and G. leadbeateri. Many of these differences were attributed to variations in key life history parameters such as birth and death rates, but trends in metapopulation viability did not correlate simply with intrinsic rates of population growth. The three species differed in the size of metapopulations required for demographic and genetic stability, and the rank order of their susceptibility to demographic and genetic stochasticity may not be consistent. Different species, even those within the same guild, may vary in vulnerability to disturbance and environmental perturbation. Our analyses also emphasized the need to understand the structure and composition of metapopulations in the development of strategies for conservation of wildlife at the landscape and regional scales. [References: 67]
机译：使用通用软件包进行人口生存力分析（PVA）的计算机模拟分析用于检查山尾brush（Trichosurus caninus）和较大滑翔机Petauroides volans的有限数量的种群结构的动力学。这些树栖有袋动物居住在澳大利亚东南部的高大桉树林中。正如在Leadbeater负鼠（Gymnobelideus leadbeateri）的平行研究中一样，结果表明存在一些种群分布结构，其中栖息地斑块之间的运动增加可能会对人口稳定产生不利影响，进而降低人口的持久性。这些负面影响在由4、10或20只动物的非常小亚群组成的模型亚群中最为明显。随着斑块间运动的增加以及其他小亚群的增加，图案更加突出。这些不符合直觉的发现似乎是由于原本已经不稳定且正在下降的亚种群中的动物散布到有人居住的栖息地的空置斑块中而导致的。在模拟40只动物的较大亚群的情况下，人口人口统计学的这些趋势被逆转了。在这种情况下，移动和其他栖息地斑块对亚种群和亚种群动态的影响是积极的。与各种人口统计学参数的结果相反，增加的运动和增加的亚种群对所检查的所有类型的亚种群结构之间的遗传变异性具有有益的影响。将这两个物种的结果进行了比较，并对Leadbeater的负鼠Gymnobelideus leadbeateri进行了调查。这些比较证实了总体趋势，但同时也揭示了犬新孢子虫，田鼠假单胞菌和铅假单胞菌的亚种群行为的潜在数量差异。这些差异中的许多归因于关键生命史参数（例如出生率和死亡率）的变化，但是，种群生存力的趋势并不仅与人口增长的内在速率简单相关。这三个物种在人口和遗传稳定性所需的种群数量上有所不同，并且它们对人口和遗传随机性的敏感性的排列顺序可能不一致。不同物种，即使是同一行会内的物种，在受到干扰和环境干扰的脆弱性方面也可能有所不同。我们的分析还强调，在景观和区域范围内保护野生动植物的策略制定过程中，必须了解亚种群的结构和组成。 [参考：67]

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