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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological Applications >Conversion or conservation? Understanding wetland change in northwest Costa Rica
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Conversion or conservation? Understanding wetland change in northwest Costa Rica

机译：转化还是养护？了解哥斯达黎加西北部的湿地变化

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Wetlands are more threatened than any other ecosystem type, with losses exceeding 50% of their original extent worldwide. Despite the small portion of the Earth's surface that they comprise, wetlands contribute significantly to global ecosystem services. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the location and rate of change in wetland amount in the Tempisque Basin of northwest Costa Rica is predictable from landscape setting. Our results demonstrate that a strong potential exists for developing predictive models of wetland conversion based on an understanding of wetland location and surrounding trends of land use. We found that topography was the single most important predictor of wetland conversion in this area, entraining other conversion processes, and that spatial patterns of wetland loss could consistently be predicted from landscape-level variables. Areas with highest probabilities of conversion were found in the most accessible, non-protected regions of the landscape. While Palo Verde National Park made a substantial contribution to wetland conservation, our results highlight the dependence of lower-lying protected areas on upland processes, adding a little-addressed dimension of complexity to the dialogue about protected area management. Conservation strategies aimed at reducing wetland loss in tropical habitats will benefit from careful analysis of the dominant land use system(s) at a relatively broad scale, and the subsequent development of management and policy res ponses that take into account dynamic opportunities and constraints in the landscape.
机译：湿地比任何其他生态系统类型所面临的威胁都更大，其损失超过了其原始范围的50％。尽管湿地仅占地球表面的一小部分，但它们为全球生态系统服务做出了重要贡献。在这项研究中，我们检验了以下假设：哥斯达黎加西北部的坦皮斯克盆地湿地数量的位置和变化速率可以通过景观设置来预测。我们的结果表明，基于对湿地位置和土地利用周围趋势的理解，开发湿地转化预测模型的潜力很大。我们发现地形是该地区湿地转化的唯一最重要的预测因子，并带动了其他转化过程，并且可以从景观水平变量一致地预测湿地流失的空间格局。在景观中最容易接近且不受保护的区域中，发现了转换可能性最高的区域。尽管帕洛佛得角国家公园为湿地保护做出了巨大贡献，但我们的研究结果突出了保护区较低地区对高地过程的依赖性，为有关保护区管理的对话增加了一点点复杂性。旨在减少热带栖息地湿地流失的保护战略将受益于在相对广泛的范围内对占主导地位的土地利用系统进行仔细的分析，以及随后制定的管理和政策对策，其中应考虑到动态机遇和制约因素。景观。

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