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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological Applications >Necromass production: Studies in undisturbed and logged Amazon forests
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Necromass production: Studies in undisturbed and logged Amazon forests

机译：死灵的生产：在未受干扰和砍伐的亚马逊森林中进行的研究

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Necromass stocks account for up to 20% of carbon stored in tropical forests and have been estimated to be 14-19% of the annual aboveground carbon flux. Both stocks and fluxes of necromass are infrequently measured. In this study, we directly measured the production of fallen coarse necromass (>= 2 cm diameter) during 4.5 years using repeated surveys in undisturbed forest areas and in forests subjected to reduced-impact logging at the Tapajos National Forest, Belterra, Brazil (3.08 degrees S, 54.94 degrees W). We also measured fallen coarse necromass and standing dead stocks at two times during our study. The mean (SE) annual flux into the fallen coarse necromass pool in undisturbed forest of 6.7 (0.8) Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1) was not significantly different from the flux under a reduced-impact logging of 8.5 (1.3) Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1). With the assumption of steady state, the instantaneous decomposition constants for fallen necromass in undisturbed forests were 0.12 yr(-1) for large, 0.33 yr(-1) for medium, and 0.47 yr(-1) for small size classes. The mass weighted decomposition constant was 0.15 yr(-1) for all fallen coarse necromass. Standing dead wood had a residence time of 4.2 years, and similar to 0.9 Mg.ha(-1).yr(-1) of this pool was respired annually to the atmosphere through decomposition. Coarse necromass decomposition at our study site accounted for 12% of total carbon remineralization, and total aboveground coarse necromass was 14% of the aboveground biomass. Use of mortality rates to calculate production of coarse necromass leads to an underestimation of coarse necromass production by 45%, suggesting that nonlethal disturbance such as branch fall contributes significantly to this flux. Coarse necromass production is an important component of the tropical forest carbon cycle that has been neglected in most previous studies or erroneously estimated.
机译：死灵种群占热带森林中碳存储量的20％，据估计占地上年度碳通量的14-19％。很少测量坏死的存量和通量。在这项研究中，我们在巴西贝尔塔特拉塔帕霍斯国家森林（3.08）上，通过对未受干扰的森林地区和遭受减灾伐木的森林进行了重复调查，直接测量了4.5年内下落的粗死尸体的直径（> = 2 cm直径）。 S度，W。54.94度）。在我们的研究中，我们还两次测量了下降的粗死灵和死尸。在未受干扰的森林中，进入下落的粗死坏死池的年平均通量（SE）为6.7（0.8）Mg.ha（-1）.yr（-1），与在8.5的减冲伐木下通量相比，通量没有显着差异（ 1.3）Mg.ha（-1）.yr（-1）。在稳态的假设下，未受干扰的森林中落下的死灵的瞬时分解常数，大类为0.12 yr（-1），中类为0.33 yr（-1），小类为0.47 yr（-1）。对于所有下落的粗坏死块，质量加权分解常数为0.15 yr（-1）。站立的枯木的保留时间为4.2年，每年通过分解将约0.9 Mg.ha（-1）.yr（-1）的池子呼吸到大气中。在我们的研究地点，粗的坏死生物分解占总矿化碳的12％，地上的粗大坏死生物占地上生物量的14％。使用死亡率来计算粗线坏死的产生会导致粗线坏死的产生被低估了45％，这表明非致命性干扰（例如分支下降）对这种通量有很大贡献。粗死尸产量是热带森林碳循环的重要组成部分，在先前的大多数研究中已被忽略或错误估计。

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