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首页> 外文期刊>Ecological engineering: The Journal of Ecotechnology >The role of constructed reefs in non-indigenous species introductions and range expansions
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The role of constructed reefs in non-indigenous species introductions and range expansions

机译：人工鱼礁在非本地物种引进和范围扩大中的作用

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Constructed reefs can contribute to non-indigenous species (NIS) introductions or range expansions in several ways. Reef materials that retain developed fouling communities or ballast, such as decommissioned petroleum platforms, inactive or derelict ships, and bridge rubble are potential NIS vectors. Habitat provided by reefs placed in areas devoid of natural hard bottom or structure may be colonized by NIS propagules dispersed from natural or anthropogenic sources. A network of reef structures may also create NIS corridors for linking previously unconnected areas. Due to its level of offshore habitat alteration, changing environmental conditions, volume of shipping and boating traffic, and subtropical location, the Gulf of Mexico may be particularly vulnerable to NIS introductions and has a number of documented NIS. Non-indigenous or invasive species concerns have delayed and increased costs for some recent reef construction projects. The linkages between NIS and constructed reefs are reviewed, and approaches for anticipating, assessing, and controlling introductions are recommended. Using basic information about NIS risks, reef planners can begin to evaluate unintended consequences and incorporate risk management measures to reduce future introductions. Prevention is the most effective risk reduction approach because controlling marine NIS after introduction is expensive and offers limited probability for success.
机译：人工鱼礁可以通过多种方式促进非土著物种（NIS）的引进或范围的扩大。保留发达结垢群落或压载物的礁石材料，例如退役的石油平台，不活动或废弃的船以及桥瓦，都是潜在的NIS载体。放置在没有天然硬底或自然结构的区域中的礁石提供的栖息地可能会被从自然或人为来源分散的NIS繁殖所定殖。礁石结构网络还可以创建NIS走廊，以连接以前未连接的区域。由于其近海栖息地改变的程度，环境条件的变化，运输和划船交通的量以及亚热带的位置，墨西哥湾可能特别容易受到NIS的引入，并且有许多已记录的NIS。对非本地或入侵物种的关注已延迟了一些近期的珊瑚礁建设项目并增加了成本。审查了NIS与人工鱼礁之间的联系，并建议了对引入物进行预测，评估和控制的方法。利用有关NIS风险的基本信息，礁石规划者可以开始评估意外后果，并采用风险管理措施来减少将来的使用。预防是最有效的降低风险的方法，因为引入后控制海洋NIS的费用昂贵且成功的可能性有限。

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