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首页> 外文期刊>Early science and medicine >Whytt and the Idea of Power: Physiological Evidence as a Challenge to the Eighteenth-Century Criticism of the Notion of Power
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Whytt and the Idea of Power: Physiological Evidence as a Challenge to the Eighteenth-Century Criticism of the Notion of Power

机译：Whytt和权力观念：生理证据对18世纪权力观念的挑战

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In An Essay on the Vital and Involuntary Motions of Animals, Robert Whytt maintained that the muscular motions that perform the natural functions of the organism are caused by an immaterial power. Here we consider to what extent the philosophical criticism of power urged by Locke and Hume may jeopardize his thesis, how his response mobilizes the resources of the Scottish experimental theism and whether he makes an original use of such resources. First, we examine various pieces of experimental evidence from which Whytt infers the need to evoke this power, before showing how they prompt him to stand by the immaterial power in the face of the empiricist criticisms. Following this, we explore the link Whytt makes between power and agency, in particular comparing his thought with Locke's. Lastly, we examine his work in the light of Hume's criticism regarding the question of whether a power may be felt.
机译：罗伯特·怀特（Robert Whytt）在《动物的生命和非自愿运动论文》中坚持认为，执行有机体自然功能的肌肉运动是由非物质力量引起的。在这里，我们考虑洛克和休ume对权力的哲学批判可能在多大程度上危害他的论文，他的反应如何动员苏格兰实验有神论的资源，以及他是否最初使用了这些资源。首先，我们研究了各种实验证据，怀特从中推断出需要唤起这种力量，然后展示它们如何促使他在面对经验主义者的批评时坚持非物质力量。在此之后，我们探索了Whytt在权力和代理之间建立的联系，特别是将他的思想与Locke的思想进行了比较。最后，我们根据休ume（Hume）关于是否可以感觉到权力的问题的批评来考察他的作品。

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