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首页> 外文期刊>Earth and Planetary Science Letters: A Letter Journal Devoted to the Development in Time of the Earth and Planetary System >Near-axis seamount distribution and its relationship with the segmentation of the East Pacific Rise and northern Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, 17°N-56°S
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Near-axis seamount distribution and its relationship with the segmentation of the East Pacific Rise and northern Pacific-Antarctic Ridge, 17°N-56°S

机译：17°N-56°S近东海平面分布及其与东太平洋上升和北太平洋-南极海岭的分割的关系

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摘要

We used satellite-derived gravity anomaly maps and bathymetry data to analyze the distribution of off-axis seamounts on young crust on the flanks of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) and northern Pacific -Antarctic Ridge (PAR), from 17°N to 56°S latitude. We observed large-scale variations in the distribution of the volcanoes which we attribute to variations of the regional magmatic budget of the underlying mantle. Two distinct settings for off-axis volcanism were observed at the scale of second-order segments. The first one favors volcano growth near first- or second-order discontinuities. The second type occurs preferentially near the centers of second-order segments. We infer that the distribution of seamounts is controlled both by the availability of melt under the flanks of the ridge and by the vulnerability of the young lithosphere. Near the northern EPR and in some places near the PAR, the off-axis volcanism results mostly from fracturing of the crust near axial discontinuities, probably due to the thermomechanical stresses that develop in the cooling lithosphere. In the southern EPR, especially in the 14-19°S area, the young lithosphere is probably much more vulnerable to off-axis volcanism. The seamount distribution seems to reflect variations in the off-axis melt production at the scale of second-order segments (～150 km). We infer that the difference in volcanic setting (close to segment ends or close to segment centers) between the northern and southern EPR results from the difference in spreading rate and, consequently, the variation in rheology of the young lithosphere.
机译：我们使用了卫星衍生的重力异常图和测深数据来分析东太平洋上升（EPR）和北太平洋-南极海岭（PAR）两侧（17°N至56°）的年轻地壳上的离轴海山的分布°S纬度。我们观察到了火山分布的大规模变化，这归因于下伏地幔区域岩浆预算的变化。在二阶分段的规模上观察到了两种不同的离轴火山活动背景。第一个偏向于一阶或二阶不连续点附近的火山生长。第二类优先出现在二阶片段的中心附近。我们推断海山的分布既受洋脊侧面下方熔体的可用性控制，又受年轻岩石圈的脆弱性控制。在北部EPR附近和在PAR附近的某些地方，离轴火山作用主要是由于轴向不连续面附近的地壳破裂所致，这可能是由于冷却岩石圈中产生的热机械应力引起的。在EPR南部，特别是在14-19°S地区，年轻的岩石圈可能更容易受到离轴火山作用的影响。海山分布似乎反映了二阶分段（〜150 km）范围内轴外熔体产量的变化。我们推断，EPR北部和南部之间的火山环境差异（靠近段端或靠近段中心）是由扩散速率的差异以及因此而引起的年轻岩石圈流变学差异引起的。

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