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首页> 外文期刊>Earth and Planetary Science Letters: A Letter Journal Devoted to the Development in Time of the Earth and Planetary System >New insights into the development of brittle shear fractures from a 3-D numerical model of microcrack interaction
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New insights into the development of brittle shear fractures from a 3-D numerical model of microcrack interaction

机译：从微裂纹相互作用的3-D数值模型到脆性剪切裂缝发展的新见解

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Existing models of brittle shear failure are unable to account for three-dimensional deformation involving the development of polymodal sets of fractures. Motivated by field observations of contemporaneous arrays of quadrimodal faults and deformation bands, we use an idealised micromechanical model to explain how brittle shear fractures can form oblique to all three remote principal stresses. We model tensile microcracks as finite ellipsoidal voids, subjected to small opening strains, in a linear isotropic elastic matrix. The geometry of the tensile stress lobes around the ends of an isolated microcrack promotes the en echelon interaction of neighbouring cracks with respect to the prescribed crack orientation. Coalescence of these interacting crack arrays into a through-going composite fracture surface leads to a brittle shear failure plane oriented obliquely to all three coordinate axes and all three remote principal stresses. Experimental evidence supports the idea that composite shear fractures can propagate in-plane through the coalescence of many constituent tensile microcracks. Our new model, based on the 3-D geometry of the elastic stress field around a mode I crack, can explain the oblique orientations of polymodal faults formed in a triaxially compressive stress field. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：现有的脆性剪切破坏模型无法解释涉及多峰裂缝组发展的三维变形。受对四峰断层和变形带同时期阵列的现场观测的激励，我们使用理想化的微力学模型来解释脆性剪切裂缝如何对所有三个远程主应力形成倾斜。我们在线性各向同性弹性矩阵中将拉伸微裂纹建模为有限的椭圆形空隙，并承受较小的打开应变。围绕孤立的微裂纹末端的拉应力凸角的几何形状促进了相邻裂纹相对于规定的裂纹取向的梯级相互作用。这些相互作用的裂纹阵列聚集成贯穿的复合断裂面会导致脆性剪切破坏平面倾斜于所有三个坐标轴和所有三个远侧主应力。实验证据支持这样的观点，即复合剪切裂缝可以通过许多拉伸微裂纹的合并在平面内传播。我们的新模型基于I型裂纹周围弹性应力场的3-D几何形状，可以解释在三轴压缩应力场中形成的多峰断层的倾斜方向。 （c）2006 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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