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首页> 外文期刊>Earth and Planetary Science Letters: A Letter Journal Devoted to the Development in Time of the Earth and Planetary System >Helium, heat, and the generation of hydrothermal event plumes at mid-ocean ridges
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Helium, heat, and the generation of hydrothermal event plumes at mid-ocean ridges

机译：氦，热和中海脊的热液事件羽流的产生

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摘要

Hydrothermal event plumes are unique water-column features observed over mid-ocean ridges, presumably generated by the sudden release of large volumes of hot, buoyant fluid. Although the specifics of event plume generation re unknown, event plumes have been attributed to the rapid emptying of a hydrothermal reservoir or to rapid heat extraction from a recently emplaced dike or seafloor lava flows. The chemical and thermal signatures of event plumes as compared to the underlying steady-state plumes offer important clues to the generation of event plumes. Event plumes have low ~3He/heat ratios of approx 0.4 * 10~(-17) mol J~(-1), similar to vent fluids from mature hydrothermal systems. In contrast, the steady-state plumes found beneath the event plumes have elevated and variable ~3He/heat ratios of 2 to 5 * 10~(-17) mol J~(-1). Fluids collected directly over fresh lava flows have been higher ~3He/heat ratios of 2 to 8 * 10~(-17) mol J~(-1), up to 30 times the event plume values. These disparate ~3He/heat ratios place strong constrains on models of event plume generation, especially models which rely on heat extraction from seafloor eruptions.
机译：热液事件羽流是在洋中脊上观察到的独特的水柱特征，可能是由于大量热的，浮力的流体突然释放而产生的。尽管尚不清楚事件羽流的产生细节，但事件羽流已归因于热液储层的快速排空或归因于最近发生的堤坝或海底熔岩流的快速排热。与潜在的稳态羽流相比，事件羽流的化学和热学特征为事件羽流的产生提供了重要线索。事件羽具有较低的〜3He /热比，约为0.4 * 10〜（-17）mol J〜（-1），类似于成熟水热系统的排空液。相反，在事件羽流下方发现的稳态羽流具有升高的和可变的〜3He /热比，为2至5 * 10〜（-17）mol J〜（-1）。通过新鲜熔岩流直接收集的流体具有较高的〜3He /热比，为2至8 * 10〜（-17）mol J〜（-1），最高可达事件羽流值的30倍。这些不同的〜3He /热比率对事件羽流生成模型（尤其是依赖于从海底喷发中提取热量的模型）施加了强烈约束。

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