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Development and test of a spatially distributed hydrological water quality model for mesoscale watersheds

机译：中尺度流域空间分布水文水质模型的开发与测试

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The new watershed model SWIM was developed in order to provide a comprehensive GIS-based tool for hydrological and water quality modelling in mesoscale watersheds (from 100 to 10000 km(2)), which can be parametrized using regionally available information. SWIM is based on two previously developed tools-SWAT and MATSALU. The model integrates hydrology, vegetation, erosion and nitrogen dynamics at the watershed scale. SWIM has three-level disaggregation scheme and is coupled to the Geographic Information System GRASS. A robust approach is suggested for the nitrogen modelling in mesoscale watersheds. Model test and validation were performed sequentially for hydrology, crop growth, nitrogen and erosion in a number of mesoscale watersheds in the German part of the Elbe drainage basin. Firstly, the hydrological module was tested in five watersheds of different size with different topography, soil and spatial resolution of input data. After that the test was performed for the crop module in the state of Brandenburg, for the nitrogen module in the rural basin of Stepenitz, and for the erosion module in the mountainous Mulde basin. A comprehensive scheme of spatial disaggregation into subbasins and hydrotopes combined with reasonable restriction on the subbasin size allows the assessment of water resources and water quality to be performed with modest data requirements at the regional scale. The direct connection to land use and climate data provides a possibility to use the model for analysis of climate change and land use change impacts on hydrology and water quality. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. [References: 39]
机译：开发新的流域模型SWIM的目的是为中尺度流域（100到10000 km（2））的水文和水质建模提供一个基于GIS的综合工具，可以使用区域可用信息进行参数设置。 SWIM基于先前开发的两个工具SWAT和MATSALU。该模型综合了流域尺度上的水文，植被，侵蚀和氮动态。 SWIM具有三级分解方案，并且与地理信息系统GRASS耦合。对于中尺度流域的氮建模，建议使用一种可靠的方法。随后对易北河流域德国部分中尺度流域的水文，作物生长，氮和侵蚀进行了模型测试和验证。首先，水文模块在五个不同大小的流域进行了测试，这些流域具有不同的地形，土壤和输入数据的空间分辨率。之后，对勃兰登堡州的农作物模块，斯蒂芬尼茨农村盆地的氮模块和山区穆尔德盆地的侵蚀模块进行了测试。通过将空间分解为子盆地和水位的综合方案，加上对子盆地规模的合理限制，可以在区域规模上以适度的数据需求进行水资源和水质评估。与土地利用和气候数据的直接联系为使用该模型分析气候变化和土地利用变化对水文和水质的影响提供了可能性。 （C）1998 Elsevier Science B.V.保留所有权利。 [参考：39]

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