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Pulsed inflation of pahoehoe lava flows: implications for flood basalt emplacement

机译:Pahoehoe熔岩流的脉冲充气:对玄武岩洪水的影响

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摘要

Dilated fractures in Hawaiian pahoehoe lava flows contain three zones that show that kinematics of inflation. The upper columnar zone forms through thermal contraction prior to inflation, the middle planar zone reflects inflation-induced tension, and the lower banded zone contains evidence of brittle and ductile deformation. The formation of the lower banded zone requires varying strain rates during fracture propagation and is best explained by a model where small pulses of lava inject beneath the cooled flow crust through a network of preferred pathways. We demonstrate via simple models of pipe flow that this inflation mechanism is incapable of producing areally extensive continental flood basalts on Earth, although it may explain related features on large Martian volcanoes.
机译:夏威夷pahoehoe熔岩流中膨胀的裂缝包含三个区域,显示了膨胀的运动学。上部柱状区域在膨胀之前通过热收缩形成,中间的平面区域反映了膨胀引起的张力,而下部的带状区域包含脆性和延性变形的迹象。下部带状区的形成在裂缝扩展过程中需要变化的应变率,并且最好用一个模型来解释,在该模型中,小熔岩脉冲通过优选路径网络注入冷却的地壳下方。我们通过简单的管道流动模型证明,这种膨胀机制无法在地球上产生面积广泛的大陆性洪泛玄武岩,尽管它可以解释大型火星火山的相关特征。

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