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Temporal-spatial dynamics of vegetation variation on non-point source nutrient pollution

机译：面源养分污染对植被变化的时空动态影响

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摘要

The temporal-spatial interaction of land cover and non-point source (NPS) nutrient pollution were analyzed with the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to simulate the temporal-spatial features of NPS nutrient loading in the upper stream of the Yellow River catchment. The corresponding land cover data variance was expressed by the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) that was calculated from MODIS images. It was noted that the temporal variation of land cover NDVI was significantly correlated with NPS nutrient loading. The regression analysis indicated that vegetation not only detained NPS nutrient pollution transportation, but also contributed to sustainable loading. The temporal analysis also confirmed that regional NDVI was an effective index for monthly assessment of NPS nitrogen and phosphorus loading. The spatial variations of NPS nutrient loading can be classified with land cover status. The high loadings of NPS nitrogen in high NDVI subbasins indicated that forestry and farmland are the main critical loss areas. Farmland contributed sustainable soluble N, but the loading of soluble and organic N from grassland subbasins was much lower. Most P loading came from the areas covered with dense grassland and forestry, which cannot directly discharge to local water bodies. However, some NPS phosphorus from suburban farmland can directly discharge into adjacent water bodies. The interactions among nutrient loading, NDVI, and slope were also analyzed. This study confirmed that the integration of NPS modeling, geographic information systems, and remote sensing is needed to understand the interactive dynamics of NPS nutrient loading. Understanding the temporal-spatial variation of NPS nutrients and their correlations with land cover will help NPS pollution prevention and water quality management efforts. Therefore, the proposed method for evaluating NPS nutrient loading by land cover NDVI can be an effective tool for pollution evaluation and watersheds planning.
机译：利用土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）分析了土地覆盖和非点源（NPS）养分污染的时空相互作用，以模拟黄河上游流域NPS养分负荷的时空特征。 。相应的土地覆盖数据方差由根据MODIS图像计算出的归一化植被指数（NDVI）表示。值得注意的是，土地覆盖NDVI的时间变化与NPS养分含量显着相关。回归分析表明，植被不仅阻碍了NPS养分的污染转移，而且还促进了可持续的负荷。时间分析还证实，区域NDVI是每月评估NPS氮和磷负荷的有效指标。 NPS养分含量的空间变化可以通过土地覆盖状况进行分类。高NDVI子流域中NPS氮的高负荷表明，林业和农田是主要的关键损失地区。农田贡献了可持续的可溶性氮，但草地流域中可溶性有机氮的含量要低得多。磷的负荷大部分来自草木茂密的地区，无法直接排放到当地水体。但是，一些郊区农田的NPS磷可以直接排放到邻近的水体中。还分析了养分负荷，NDVI和坡度之间的相互作用。这项研究证实，需要结合NPS建模，地理信息系统和遥感技术来理解NPS养分负载的互动动态。了解NPS养分的时空变化及其与土地覆盖的相关性将有助于NPS预防污染和水质管理。因此，提出的土地覆盖NDVI评价NPS养分含量的方法可以成为污染评估和流域规划的有效工具。

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