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Shifts in N and P Budgets of Heathland Ecosystems: Effects of Management and Atmospheric Inputs

机译：荒地生态系统氮和磷预算的变化：管理和大气投入的影响

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In the present study we analyzed the combined effects of management (grazing, mowing, prescribed burning, sod-cutting) and atmospheric deposition on N and P budgets of heathland ecosystems (Lconeburger Heide nature reserve; N Germany). We hypothesize that management measures such as grazing and mowing can accelerate a deposition-induced imbalance of N and P pools as a result of a disproportionally high output of P. We analyzed management and deposition affected input-output flows of N and P and related them to changes in the nutritional status of Calluna vulgaris 5 years after treatment application. We found that grazing and mowing caused the highest net loss of P due to high P concentrations in the aboveground biomass. In contrast, prescribed burning only slightly affected P pools, as P remained in the system due to ash deposition. Management-mediated effects on N and P pools were mirrored in the nutritional status of Calluna vulgaris: at the grazed and mown sites, the P content of current season's shoots significantly decreased within 5 years after treatments, whereas the N content remained unchanged. We conclude that grazing and mowing can accelerate declining availability of P and, thus, accelerate a deposition-induced shift from N- to P-limited plant growth in the medium term. In the face of ongoing atmospheric N loads management schemes need to combine high- and low-intensity measures to maintain both a diverse structure and balanced nutrient budgets in the long term.
机译：在本研究中，我们分析了管理（放牧，割草，处方焚烧，割草）和大气沉降对荒地生态系统（Lconeburger Heide自然保护区;德国北部）的氮和磷预算的综合影响。我们假设诸如放牧和割草之类的管理措施可能会由于P的产量过高而加速N和P池沉积引起的失衡。我们分析了N和P的管理和沉积影响的投入产出流及其相关性应用治疗5年后普通菜的营养状况发生变化。我们发现，由于地上生物量中的高P浓度，放牧和割草导致P的最高净损失。相比之下，规定的燃烧只对P池产生了轻微影响，因为P由于灰分沉积而保留在系统中。管理介导的对氮和磷库的影响反映在寻常愈伤组织的营养状况上：在放牧和割除的部位，本季新梢的磷含量在处理后5年内显着下降，而氮含量保持不变。我们得出的结论是，在中期，放牧和割草可以加速磷的利用率下降，从而加速沉积诱导的植物从N限制向P限制的植物生长转变。面对持续的大气氮负荷管理计划，需要将高强度和低强度措施相结合，以长期保持多样化的结构和平衡的养分预算。

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