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Wilderness fish stocking: History and perspective

机译：荒野鱼类放养：历史与前景

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The stocking of trout in wilderness lakes of the western United States began in the 1800s. This practice was followed for nearly a century with the singular goal of creating and enhancing sport fishing and without any consideration of its ecological ramifications. Following the advent of a new environmental awareness in the 1960s, and thanks to new research that revealed negative impacts on the biota attributable to introduced fishes, traditional fish-stocking practices came under question first at federal land management agencies and later at their counterparts within the stales. The highly utilitarian ethic that drove resource management until well into the 1960s was gradually replaced by one that acknowledges the value of all life forms and their ecological complexity, a view currently supported even by many anglers. The necessity for wilderness fish stocking is now the subject of widespread debate, especially in view of changing social values and priorities. Options for future generations cannot be preserved if introductions continue to erode the biodiversity of mountain lake ecosystems.
机译：在美国西部的旷野湖泊中养鳟鱼始于1800年代。这种做法遵循了近一个世纪，其单一目标是创建和增强运动钓鱼，而没有考虑到其生态后果。随着1960年代新的环境意识的到来，并且由于新的研究表明引入鱼类对生物群系有负面影响，传统的鱼类放养做法首先在联邦土地管理机构受到质疑，后来在其内部的同业中受到质疑。陈旧。推动资源管理直到1960年代的高度功利主义的道德观念逐渐被一种承认所有生命形式的价值及其生态复杂性的道德观念所取代，这一观点目前甚至得到了许多垂钓者的支持。现在，特别是鉴于社会价值和优先事项的变化，是否有必要放养野外鱼类。如果引进继续侵蚀山区湖泊生态系统的生物多样性，就无法保留后代的选择。

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