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Ecological Stoichiometry and Multi-element Transfer in a Coastal Ecosystem

机译：沿海生态系统的生态化学计量和多元素转移

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Energy (carbon) flows and element cycling are fundamental, interlinked principles explaining ecosystem processes. The element balance in components, interactions and processes in ecosystems (ecological stoichiometry; ES) has been used to study trophic dynamics and element cycling. This study extends ES beyond its usual limits of C, N, and P and examines the distribution and transfer of 48 elements in 16 components of a coastal ecosystem, using empirical and modeling approaches. Major differences in elemental composition were demonstrated between abiotic and biotic compartments and trophic levels due to differences in taxonomy and ecological function. Mass balance modeling for each element, based on carbon fluxes and element:C ratios, was satisfactory for 92.5% of all element similar to compartment combinations despite the complexity of the ecosystem model. Model imbalances could mostly be explained by ecological processes, such as increased element uptake during the spring algal bloom. Energy flows in ecosystems can thus realistically estimate element transfer in the environment, as modeled uptake is constrained by metabolic rates and elements available. The dataset also allowed us to examine one of the key concepts of ES, homeostasis, for more elements than is normally possible. The relative concentrations of elements in organisms compared to their resources did not provide support for the theory that autotrophs show weak homeostasis and showed that the strength of homeostasis by consumers depends on the type of element (for example, macroelement, trace element). Large-scale, multi-element ecosystem studies are essential to evaluate and advance the framework of ES and the importance of ecological processes.
机译：能量（碳）流量和元素循环是解释生态系统过程的相互关联的基本原理。生态系统的组成，相互作用和过程中的元素平衡（生态化学计量; ES）已用于研究营养动力学和元素循环。这项研究将ES扩展到其通常的C，N和P范围之外，并使用经验和建模方法研究了沿海生态系统16个组成部分中48个元素的分布和转移。由于分类学和生态功能的差异，非生物区室和生物区室之间的元素组成存在重大差异，营养水平也有所差异。尽管生态系统模型很复杂，但基于碳通量和元素与碳之比的每个元素的质量平衡模型对于类似于隔室组合的所有元素的92.5％仍令人满意。模型失衡主要可以通过生态过程来解释，例如春季藻华期间元素吸收增加。生态系统中的能量流因此可以现实地估计环境中的元素转移，因为模型化的吸收受到新陈代谢率和可用元素的限制。该数据集还使我们能够检查ES的关键概念之一，动态平衡，以获取比通常可能更多的元素。生物体中元素相对于其资源的相对浓度并未支持自养生物显示弱的体内稳态的理论，并表明消费者体内稳态的强度取决于元素的类型（例如，宏观元素，微量元素）。大规模，多元素的生态系统研究对于评估和推进生态系统的框架以及生态过程的重要性至关重要。

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