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首页> 外文期刊>Ecotoxicology >Dietary mercury exposure causes decreased escape takeoff flight performance and increased molt rate in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)
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Dietary mercury exposure causes decreased escape takeoff flight performance and increased molt rate in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)

机译：饮食中汞的接触导致欧洲star鸟（寻常S）的逃生起飞飞行性能下降和蜕皮率增加

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Mercury is a widespread and persistent environmental contaminant that occurs in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Recently, songbirds that forage from primarily terrestrial sources have shown evidence of bioaccumulation of mercury, but little research has assessed the effects of mercury on their health and fitness. There are many indications that mercury negatively affects neurological functioning, bioenergetics, and behavior through a variety of mechanisms and in a wide array of avian taxa. Effective flight is crucial to avian fitness and feather molt is an energetically expensive life history trait. Therefore, we investigated whether mercury exposure influenced flight performance and molt in a common songbird, the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Specifically, we dosed the diet of captive starlings with methylmercury cysteine at 0.0, 0.75, or 1.5 μg/g wet weight and recorded changes in flight performance after 1 year of dietary mercury exposure. We also recorded the annual molt of wing feathers. We found that individuals dosed with mercury exhibited decreased escape takeoff flight performance compared with controls and blood mercury was also correlated with an increased rate of molt, which can reduce flight performance and thermoregulatory ability. This study reveals two novel endpoints, flight performance and molt, that may be affected by dietary mercury exposure. These findings suggest a potential impact on wild songbirds exposed to mercury levels comparable to the high dosage levels in the present study. Any decrease in flight efficiency could reduce fitness due to a direct impact on survival during predation events or by decreased efficiency in other critical activities (such as foraging or migration) that require efficient flight.
机译：汞是一种普遍存在的持久性环境污染物，存在于水生和陆地生境中。最近，主要从陆地来源觅食的鸣禽已经显示出汞生物富集的证据，但是很少有研究评估汞对其健康和适应性的影响。有许多迹象表明，汞会通过多种机制和广泛的禽类分类对神经功能，生物能和行为产生负面影响。有效的飞行对禽类的适应至关重要，而蜕皮是生命史上一项耗资巨大的特征。因此，我们调查了汞暴露是否会影响普通鸣鸟（欧洲八哥）的飞行性能和蜕皮。具体而言，我们在圈养八哥的饮食中添加了0.0、0.75或1.5μg/ g湿重的甲基汞半胱氨酸，并记录了饮食中汞暴露1年后飞行性能的变化。我们还记录了每年羽翼的蜕变。我们发现，与对照组相比，服用汞的人表现出的脱逃起飞飞行性能下降，血液中的汞也与蜕皮速率增加相关，这会降低飞行性能和体温调节能力。这项研究揭示了两个新的终点，即飞行性能和蜕皮，这可能受到饮食中汞暴露的影响。这些发现表明，与本研究中的高剂量相比，暴露于汞水平的野生鸣禽具有潜在的影响。飞行效率的任何降低都可能由于对捕食事件期间生存的直接影响或由于其他需要有效飞行的关键活动（例如觅食或迁徙）的效率下降而降低适应性。

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