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首页> 外文期刊>Ecotoxicology >Ecotoxicity of raw and treated effluents generated by a veterinary pharmaceutical company: a comparison of the sensitivities of different standardized tests
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Ecotoxicity of raw and treated effluents generated by a veterinary pharmaceutical company: a comparison of the sensitivities of different standardized tests

机译：兽药公司产生的原液和处理后废水的生态毒性：不同标准化测试的敏感性比较

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Pharmaceutical effluents have recently been recognized as an important contamination source to aquatic environments and the toxicity related to the presence of antibiotics in effluents has attracted great attention. Conventionally, these effluents have been treated using physico-chemical and aerobic biological processes, usually with low rates of pharmaceuticals removal. Due to the complexity of effluents, it is impossible to determine all pharmaceuticals and their degradation products using analytical methods. Ecotoxicity tests with different organisms may be used to determine the effect level of effluents and thus their environmental impacts. The objective of this work was to compare the sensitivities of five ecotoxicity tests using aquatic and terrestrial organisms to evaluate the toxicity of effluents from the production of veterinary medicines before and after treatment. Raw and chemically treated effluent samples were highly toxic to aquatic organisms, achieving 100,000 toxic units, but only few of those samples presented phytotoxicity. We observed a reduction in the toxicity in the biologically treated effluent samples, which were previously chemically pre-treated, however the toxicity was not eliminated. The rank of test organisms' reactions levels was: Daphnia similis > Raphidocelis subcapitata > Aliivibrio fischeri > Allium cepa similar to Lactuca sativa. Effluent treatment employed by the evaluated company was only partially efficient at removing the effluent toxicity, suggesting potential risks to biota. The acute toxicity test with D. similis proved to be the most sensitive for both raw and treated effluents and is a suitable option for further characterization and monitoring of pharmaceutical effluents.
机译：近来，制药废水被公认为是水生环境的重要污染源，并且废水中与抗生素的存在有关的毒性引起了极大的关注。常规地，这些废水已经使用物理化学和好氧生物过程进行了处理，通常药物去除率较低。由于废水的复杂性，不可能使用分析方法确定所有药物及其降解产物。可以使用不同生物的生态毒性测试来确定废水的影响水平，从而确定其对环境的影响。这项工作的目的是比较使用水生和陆生生物进行的五项生态毒性测试的敏感性，以评估治疗前后生产兽药产生的废水的毒性。未经处理和化学处理的废水样品对水生生物具有剧毒，可达到100,000个毒性单位，但这些样品中只有极少数具有植物毒性。我们观察到经过生物处理的污水样品的毒性降低了，这些样品先前已经进行了化学预处理，但是毒性并未消除。待测生物的反应水平等级为：水蚤（Daphnia similis）>拟南芥（Raphidocelis subcapitata）>费氏拟南芥（Aliivibrio fischeri）>洋葱洋葱（Calium cepa），类似于苜蓿。被评估公司采用的污水处理在去除污水毒性方面仅部分有效，表明对生物群的潜在风险。事实证明，用D. similis进行的急性毒性试验对原废水和经处理的废水均最敏感，是进一步表征和监测制药废水的合适选择。

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