Statistical versus substantive dimensionality - The effect of distributional differences on dimensionality assessment using DIMTEST

Walker CM; Azen R; Schmitt T

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Statistical versus substantive dimensionality - The effect of distributional differences on dimensionality assessment using DIMTEST

机译：统计维数与实质维数-分布差异对使用DIMTEST进行维数评估的影响

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It is believed by some that most tests are multidimensional, meaning that they measure more than one underlying construct. The primary objective of this study is to illustrate how variations in the secondary ability distribution affect the statistical detection of dimensionality and to demonstrate the difference between substantive and statistical dimensionality. Given dichotomous data simulated to be multidimensional, this study shows how varying the ability distributions affects the results obtained from DIMTEST, a nonparametric statistical procedure based on the theory of essential unidimensionality. Results indicate that the power of DIMTEST decreased as the mean of the secondary ability distribution approached the extremes and/or as the standard deviation of the secondary ability distribution approached zero. This has important implications for both researchers and practitioners because although a test may measure additional dimensions from a substantive viewpoint, these dimensions may not be detected statistically.

机译：一些人认为大多数测试都是多维的，这意味着它们可以测量多个基础构造。这项研究的主要目的是说明二级能力分布的变化如何影响维度的统计检测，并证明实体维度和统计维度之间的差异。给定模拟为多维的二分数据，本研究表明能力分布的变化如何影响从DIMTEST获得的结果，DIMTEST是基于基本一维性理论的非参数统计程序。结果表明，随着二级能力分布的平均值接近极限和/或二级能力分布的标准偏差接近零，DIMTEST的功效降低。这对研究人员和从业人员都具有重要意义，因为尽管测试可能会从实质性角度衡量其他维度，但这些维度可能无法进行统计检测。

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《Educational and Psychological Measurement》 |2006年第5期|共18页
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Walker CM; Azen R; Schmitt T;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类教育心理学;
关键词
dimensionality assessment; multidimensional item response theory (MIRT); DIMTEST; unidimensionality; approximate simple structure; ITEM CHARACTERISTIC CURVE; ABILITY ESTIMATION; UNIDIMENSIONALITY;

机译：维度评估;多维项目响应理论（MIRT）;DIMTEST;一维性;近似简单结构;项目特征曲线;能力估计;统一性;

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1. Statistical versus substantive dimensionality - The effect of distributional differences on dimensionality assessment using DIMTEST [J] . Walker CM, Azen R, Schmitt T Educational and Psychological Measurement . 2006,第5期

机译：统计维数与实质维数-分布差异对使用DIMTEST进行维数评估的影响
2. Performance of DIMTEST- and NOHARM-Based Statistics for Testing Unidimensionality [J] . Holmes Finch, Brian Habing Applied Psychological Measurement . 2007,第4期

机译：基于DIMTEST和NOHARM的统计量用于测试一维性的性能
3. The Global Statistics of Return Times: Return Time Dimensions Versus Generalized Measure Dimensions [J] . Giorgio Mantica Journal of Statistical Physics . 2010,第s4a5期

机译：全球退货时间统计：退货时间维度与广义度量维度
4. Pictorial statistics-visualization of high-dimensional statistical distributions [C] . Muller, A.A. . 1995

机译：图像统计-高维统计分布的可视化
5. Three-dimensional finite difference numerical model of the Getchell Mine and pit lakes, Humboldt County, Nevada: Comparison of modeled versus historical rates of pit filling and prediction of future pit filling rates. [D] . Pasternak, Kevin Isaac. 1999

机译：内华达州洪堡县Getchell矿山和矿井湖泊的三维有限差分数值模型：比较模型填充率和历史填充率以及预测未来填充率。
6. Assessment of Differences in the Dimensions of Mandible Condyle Models in Fan- versus Cone-Beam Computer Tomography Acquisition [O] . Bartosz Bielecki-Kowalski, Marcin Kozakiewicz 2021

机译：评估扇形与锥形电脑断层扫描采集中的下颌骨髁型模型尺寸的差异
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

机译：决策是分析有关问题情况的信息并将其与特定结论进行比较的过程，以解决特定的问题（Yıkılmaz，2001; Miller和Byrnes，2001）。决策风格是一种机制，受到内部和外部条件的影响，确定个人决定的方向，决策过程的内容以及决策过程的结果（PAYNE，BETTMAN和BEDNE） Johson，1993;Bavol'ár和奥萨洛瓦，2015）。法案是认知行为治疗家庭的当代成员。行为（验收和承诺治疗）具有与行为疗法和认知疗法的类似和不同方向（Herbet和Forman，2011; Hayes，2004）。 KKT在分析行为中使用存在性和认知方法来响应古典行为治疗方法。 KKT是一个科学翼，试图解决人类问题，旨在解决有问题的人类行为（铅垂，斯图尔特，Dahl和Lundgren，2009）。有人认为，当我们国家的瞄准国家进行筛选时，有关行动方法的新方法几乎没有研究，并且认为我们的国家将为完成工作做出贡献的心理咨询领域。在研究的范围内，使用实验和对照组和初步测试，使用后测试和后续测量的2x3实验设计。该研究的研究小组包括共24名（12个实验和12个对照组）大学学生在不同的部门和水平上学习，在2015-2016学术上继续进行2015-2016的学术年度2015-2016学年年。实验和对照组参与者的平均年龄是20.实验组中有12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性，12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性。研究人员准备的个人信息表格和决策制定风格规模在研究中使用。为了决定在分析数据的过程中使用的测试，参与者的决策风格刻度预测的分数主要在实验和对照组中进行，分析了参数的基本期望吗？测试得到了回答。由于对实验和对照组给出了从决策曲调标度获得的分数，偏移和峰度分子系数。确定该分布是正常的在成熟的-WILK试验结果中，其中每亚级的偏差和刚度系数在-1到+1之间排名。实验和对照组的参与者;决策式预测测量的同质性测试结果表明数据是均匀的。根据毛毛环保试验的结果，已确定工作支持假设。据确定，从依赖决策风格的实验和对照组获得的预测分数之间没有显着差异，但测试组在测试后的分数内显示出较低的平均分数和后续的分数 - 测试。因此，可以说，应用于实验组的面向活动的心理教育程序减少了决策风格子维度的依赖决策风格分数，并且心理教育程序具有持久的效果。据确定，从实验和对照组自发决策风格获得的预测试，测试后和后续评分之间没有显着差异。因此，可以说这种情况不会导致从应用于实验组的活动导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数的自发决策风格分数显着差异。行为的心理教育计划在个人直观的决策风格下降，但这种减少并没有产生显着的差异。因此，可以说，这种情况不会在从应用于实验组的KKT导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数中产生有意义的决策风格分数。从实验和对照组的理性决策风格获得的预测分数显示后检验后和随访评分之间存在差异，但这种差异并不重要。由于分析，确定测试组的理性决策风格较高，而不是后测试和后续分数的预测分数，而对照组合理决策风格的后测试和后续测试分数显示出与预测试分数相比的减少。预测分数。决策款式扩展避免决策由于分析了预测试，测试后和后续措施的班次评分的平均分数，发现群体效应是微不足道的。确定实验和对照组从避免决策风格获得的预测评分中显着不同，但在测试后和后续测试的分数内没有显示出任何重大变化。
8. Probability and Statistics in Item Analysis and Classification Problems:An Expansion Principle for Distribution Functions with Applications to Student’s Statistic and the One-Dimensional Classification Statistic [R] . Gustav Elfving 1957

机译：项目分析和分类问题中的概率和统计：分布函数的扩展原理及其在学生统计和一维分类统计中的应用

Statistical versus substantive dimensionality - The effect of distributional differences on dimensionality assessment using DIMTEST

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