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Measuring attentional ability in older adults - Development and psychometric evaluation of DriverScan

机译：测量老年人的注意力能力-DriverScan的发展和心理测评

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摘要

Although deficits in visual attention are often postulated as an important component of many declines in cognitive processing and functional outcomes in older adults, surprisingly little emphasis has been placed on evaluating psychometric instruments with which individual differences in visual attention ability can be assessed. This article reports the development and beginning psychometric evaluation of DriverScan, a change detection measure of attentional search for older adults. A constrained graded response model is used to approximate response speed and accuracy with categories of immediate, delayed, or no response. DriverScan items are shown to have excellent reliability over the studied sample, and the distribution of items is shown to adequately cover the difficulty continuum and to be maximally sensitive at distinguishing individuals with lower than average abilities (i.e., individuals with attention deficits). Item design features representing goal-directed and stimulus-driven attentional processing significantly predict item difficulty as hypothesized.
机译：尽管通常认为视力障碍是老年人认知加工和功能结局下降的重要原因，但令人惊讶的是，很少有人将重点放在评估心理测量工具上，这些工具可以评估视力注意能力的个体差异。本文报告DriverScan的发展和初步的心理测量评估，DriverScan是一种针对老年人注意搜索的变化检测方法。约束的分级响应模型用于以立即，延迟或无响应的类别来近似响应速度和准确性。已显示DriverScan项目在所研究的样本中具有出色的可靠性，并且项目的分布已显示出足以覆盖困难连续体，并且在区分能力低于平均水平的人员（即注意力不足的人员）时具有最大的敏感性。代表目标导向和刺激驱动的注意力加工的物品设计特征可以极大地预测假设的物品难度。

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