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An Approach to Scoring and Equating Tests With Binary Items: Piloting With Large-Scale Assessments

机译：用二元项目对测试进行计分和等同的方法：大规模评估试点

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摘要

This article describes an approach to test scoring, referred to as delta scoring (D-scoring), for tests with dichotomously scored items. The D-scoring uses information from item response theory (IRT) calibration to facilitate computations and interpretations in the context of large-scale assessments. The D-score is computed from the examinee's response vector, which is weighted by the expected difficulties (not easiness) of the test items. The expected difficulty of each item is obtained as an analytic function of its IRT parameters. The D-scores are independent of the sample of test-takers as they are based on expected item difficulties. It is shown that the D-scale performs a good bit better than the IRT logit scale by criteria of scale intervalness. To equate D-scales, it is sufficient to rescale the item parameters, thus avoiding tedious and error-prone procedures of mapping test characteristic curves under the method of IRT true score equating, which is often used in the practice of large-scale testing. The proposed D-scaling proved promising under its current piloting with large-scale assessments and the hope is that it can efficiently complement IRT procedures in the practice of large-scale testing in the field of education and psychology.
机译：本文介绍了一种用于二分计分项目的测试计分方法，称为增量计分（D计分）。 D评分使用来自项目响应理论（IRT）校准的信息来促进大规模评估中的计算和解释。 D分数是根据考生的反应向量计算得出的，该向量由测试项目的预期难度（而不是难易程度）加权。获得每个项目的预期难度作为其IRT参数的解析函数。 D分数基于预期的项目难度，因此独立于应试者的样本。通过标度间隔标准可以看出，D标度比IRT logit标度好得多。要使D尺度相等，重新调整项目参数就足够了，从而避免了在IRT真实得分相等的方法下繁琐且容易出错的映射测试特征曲线的过程，该过程经常在大规模测试的实践中使用。拟议的D标度在其当前的大规模评估试验中被证明是有希望的，并且希望能够在教育和心理学领域的大规模测试实践中有效地补充IRT程序。

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