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首页> 外文期刊>Ecotropica >DIVERSITY AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF FILMY FERNS AS A TOOL FOR IDENTIFYING THE NOVEL FOREST TYPE 'TROPICAL LOWLAND CLOUD FOREST'
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DIVERSITY AND VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF FILMY FERNS AS A TOOL FOR IDENTIFYING THE NOVEL FOREST TYPE 'TROPICAL LOWLAND CLOUD FOREST'

机译：蕨类植物的多样性和垂直分布作为识别新型森林类型“热带低地云雾森林”的工具

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摘要

Recent studies on bryophyte and macrolichen diversity in lowland forests of northern South America have shown the existence of a novel forest type, the "tropical lowland cloud forest" (LCF). LCF is very rich in epiphytes and occurs in lowland river valleys where radiation fog in the morning provides an additional input of liquid water. Because of their dependence on frequent precipitation and low evaporation, Hymenophyllaceae (filmy ferns) are a suitable group for studying moisture availability. We sampled epiphytic Hymenophyllaceae on 32 trees in French Guiana, 16 in LCF and 16 in adjacent rain forest (LRF). Abundance of Hymenophyllaceae was significantly higher in LCF than in LRF. Only 10% of trees in LRF were inhabited by filmy ferns, in contrast to 70% in LCF. Moreover, the number of species recorded in LCF (9) was more than twice as high than in LRF (4), and the mean number per tree 8 times higher. Species restricted to the understory of LRF occurred in the canopy of LCF. We attribute the detected differences in diversity and vertical distribution of Hymenophyllaceae in the two forest types to the occurrence of fog in LCF, enhancing the availability of liquid water and thus Facilitating the establishment and growth of the filmy ferns. Also, radiation protection against evaporative loss seems to play a crucial role in the vertical distribution of filmy fern diversity. The observed differences in filmy fern diversity and distribution in LCF and LRF represent novel traits separating the two forest types, and indicate that Hymenophyllaceae species are sensitive indicators of lowland cloud forest.
机译：最近对南美北部低地森林的苔藓植物和大型地衣多样性的研究表明，存在一种新型的森林类型，即“热带低地云雾森林”（LCF）。 LCF的附生植物非常丰富，发生在低地的河谷中，早晨的辐射雾提供了额外的液态水输入。由于它们依赖于频繁的降水和低蒸发，因此，膜状蕨类（薄膜蕨类​​）是研究水分可用性的合适群体。我们在法属圭亚那的32棵树，LCF的16棵和邻近的雨林（LRF）的16棵中取样了附生的处女膜。 LCF中的猪肺菌的丰度明显高于LRF。 LRF中只有10％的树木被薄膜蕨类植物栖息，而LCF中只有70％。此外，LCF（9）中记录的物种数量是LRF（4）中的两倍多，每棵树的平均数量也高出8倍。在LCF的冠层中存在限于LRF下层的物种。我们将在这两种森林类型中发现的猪膜菌科的多样性和垂直分布差异归因于LCF中雾的出现，从而提高了液态水的利用率，从而促进了膜状蕨类植物的建立和生长。而且，针对蒸发损失的辐射防护似乎在膜状蕨类植物多样性的垂直分布中起着至关重要的作用。在LCF和LRF中观察到的薄膜蕨类植物多样性和分布差异代表了将这两种森林类型分开的新特征，并表明，处女膜菌是低地云雾森林的敏感指标。

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