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Measurement Error Correction Formula for Cluster-Level Group Differences in Cluster Randomized and Observational Studies

机译:聚类随机和观察研究中聚类水平组差异的测量误差校正公式

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摘要

Multilevel modeling (MLM) is frequently used to detect cluster-level group differences in cluster randomized trial and observational studies. Group differences on the outcomes (posttest scores) are detected by controlling for the covariate (pretest scores) as a proxy variable for unobserved factors that predict future attributes. The pretest and posttest scores that are most often used in MLM are total scores. In prior research, there have been concerns regarding measurement error in the use of total scores in using MLM. In this article, using ordinary least squares and an attenuation formula, we derive the measurement error correction formula for cluster-level group difference estimates from MLM in the presence of measurement error in the outcome, the covariate, or both. Examples are provided to illustrate the correction formula in cluster randomized and observational studies using between-cluster reliability coefficients recently developed.
机译:在聚类随机试验和观察性研究中,经常使用多级建模(MLM)来检测聚类水平的组差异。通过控制协变量(测试前分数)作为预测未来属性的未观察因素的代理变量,可以检测到结果的组差异(测试后分数)。 MLM中最常使用的测验前和测验分数是总分数。在先前的研究中,在使用传销中使用总分时存在关于测量误差的担忧。在本文中,使用普通最小二乘法和衰减公式,我们在结果,协变量或两者同时存在测量误差的情况下,从MLM导出了群集级组差异估计的测量误差校正公式。提供了一些实例来说明使用最近开发的群集间可靠性系数进行的群集随机研究和观察研究中的校正公式。

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