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Predatory senescence in ageing wolves

机译:衰老狼的掠食性衰老

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It is well established that ageing handicaps the ability of prey to escape predators, yet surprisingly little is known about how ageing affects the ability of predators to catch prey. Research into long-lived predators has assumed that adults have uniform impacts on prey regardless of age. Here we use longitudinal data from repeated observations of individually-known wolves (Canis lupus) hunting elk (Cervus elaphus) in Yellowstone National Park to demonstrate that adult predatory performance declines with age and that an increasing ratio of senescent individuals in the wolf population depresses the rate of prey offtake. Because this ratio fluctuates independently of population size, predatory senescence may cause wolf populations of equal size but different age structure to have different impacts on prey populations. These findings suggest that predatory senescence is an important, though overlooked, factor affecting predator-prey dynamics.
机译:众所周知,衰老会妨碍猎物逃脱捕食者的能力,但令人惊讶的是,关于衰老如何影响捕食者捕食能力的知之甚少。对寿命长的捕食者的研究已假定,成年者对猎物的影响不受年龄的影响。在这里,我们使用对黄石国家公园中个别已知的狼(Canus lupus)狩猎麋鹿(Cervus elaphus)的重复观察得到的纵向数据,证明成年掠食性动物的行为会随着年龄的增长而下降,而衰老个体在狼群中所占的比例却越来越高。捕食率。由于该比率的变化与种群大小无关,因此掠夺性衰老可能导致相同大小但年龄结构不同的狼种群对猎物种群产生不同的影响。这些发现表明,掠食性衰老是影响掠食者-猎物动力学的重要因素,尽管被忽略了。

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