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Urbanisation tolerance and the loss of avian diversity

机译：城市化的容忍度和鸟类多样性的丧失

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摘要

Urbanisation is considered an important driver of current biodiversity loss, but the underlying causes are not fully understood. It is generally assumed that this loss reflects the fact that most organisms do not tolerate well the environmental alterations associated with urbanisation. Nevertheless, current evidence is inconclusive and the alternative that the biodiversity loss is the result of random mechanisms has never been evaluated. Analysing changes in abundance between urbanised environments and their non-urbanised surroundings of > 800 avian species from five continents, we show here that although random processes account for part of the species loss associated with urbanisation, much of the loss is associated with a lack of appropriate adaptations of most species for exploiting resources and avoiding risks of the urban environments. These findings have important conservation implications because the extinction of species with particular features should have higher impact on biodiversity and ecosystem function than a random loss.
机译：城市化被认为是当前生物多样性丧失的重要驱动力，但是其根本原因尚未得到充分理解。通常认为这种损失反映了以下事实：大多数生物体不能很好地耐受与城市化有关的环境变化。但是，目前的证据尚无定论，关于生物多样性丧失是随机机制的结果的替代办法从未得到评估。分析城市化环境及其来自五大洲的800多种鸟类的未城市化环境之间的丰度变化，我们在这里表明，尽管随机过程造成了与城市化有关的部分物种损失，但大部分损失与缺乏城市化有关对大多数物种进行适当的改造，以开发资源并避免城市环境的风险。这些发现具有重要的保护意义，因为具有特定特征的物种的灭绝对生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响应大于随机损失。

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