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首页> 外文期刊>Ecology letters >Sperm environment affects offspring quality in broadcast spawning marine invertebrates
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Sperm environment affects offspring quality in broadcast spawning marine invertebrates

机译：精子环境影响繁殖的无脊椎动物繁殖后代的质量

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摘要

The provisioning of offspring can have far-reaching consequences for later life in a wide range of organisms and generally this provisioning is through to be under maternal influence or control. In experiments with a broadcast-spawning ascidian, we found that the size of offspring was determined by egg size and the abundance of sperm present during fertilization. Larger eggs were fertilized at low sperm concentrations, whilst smaller eggs were successfully fertilized at high sperm concentrations. These differences in fertilized egg size resulted in differences in the development rate, hatching success and mean size of the subsequent larvae. Our results suggest that, in contrast to females that reproduce by other mating systems, free-spawning mothers lack some control over the provisioning of offspring. Furthermore, because males can alter the sperm environment, they can exert paternal (non-genetic) control over key offspring characteristics.
机译：后代的供应可能会影响多种生物体的晚年生活，通常这种供应一直受到母体的影响或控制。在使用广播产卵海鞘的实验中，我们发现后代的大小取决于卵子的大小以及受精过程中存在的精子的丰度。较大的卵在低精子浓度下受精，而较小的卵在高精子浓度下成功受精。受精卵大小的这些差异导致发育速度，孵化成功率和后续幼虫平均大小的差异。我们的结果表明，与其他交配系统繁殖的雌性相比，自由产卵的母亲对后代的供给缺乏控制。此外，由于雄性可以改变精子的环境，他们可以对关键的后代特征施加父系（非遗传）控制。

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