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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >A low-dimensional physically based model of hydrologic control of shallow landsliding on complex hillslopes
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A low-dimensional physically based model of hydrologic control of shallow landsliding on complex hillslopes

机译：基于低维物理的复杂山坡浅层滑坡水文控制模型

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摘要

Hillslopes have complex three-dimensional shapes that are characterized by their plan shape, profile curvature of surface and bedrock, and soil depth. To investigate the stability of complex hillslopes (with different slope curvatures and plan shapes), we combine the hillslope-storage Boussinesq (HSB) model with the infinite slope stability method. The HSB model is based on the continuity and Darcy equations expressed in terms of storage along the hillslope. Solutions of the HSB equation account explicitly for plan shape by introducing the hillslope width function and for profile curvature through the bedrock slope angle and the hillslope soil depth function. The presented model is composed of three parts: a topography model conceptualizing three-dimensional soil mantled landscapes, a dynamic hydrology model for shallow subsurface How and water table depth (HSB model) and an infinite slope stability method based on the Mohr-Coulomb failure law. The resulting hillslope-storage Boussinesq stability model (HSB-SM) is able to simulate rain-induced shallow landsliding on hillslopes with non-constant bedrock slope and non-parallel plan shape. We apply the model to nine characteristic hillslope types with three different profile curvatures (concave, straight, convex) and three different plan shapes (convergent, parallel. divergent). In the presented model, the unsaturated storage has been calculated based on the unit head gradient assumption. To relax this assumption and to investigate the effect of neglecting the variations of unsaturated storage on the assessment of slope stability in the transient case, we also combine a coupled model of saturated and unsaturated storage and the infinite slope stability method. The results show that the variations of the unsaturated zone storage do not play a critical role in hillslope stability. Therefore, it can be concluded that the presented dynamic slope stability model (HSB-SM) can be used safely for slope stability analysis on complex hillslopes. Our results show that after a certain period of rainfall the convergent hillslopes with concave and straight profiles become unstable more quickly than others, whilst divergent convex hillslopes remain stable (even after intense rainfall). In addition, the relation between subsurface flow and hillslope stability has been investigated. Our analyses show that the minimum safety factor (FS) occurs when the rate of subsurface flow is a maximum. In fact, by increasing the subsurface flow, stability decreases for all hillslope shapes. Copyright (c) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：山坡具有复杂的三维形状，其特征在于其平面形状，表面和基岩的轮廓曲率以及土壤深度。为了研究复杂坡度（具有不同的曲率曲率和平面形状）的稳定性，我们将坡度存储Boussinesq（HSB）模型与无限边坡稳定性方法相结合。 HSB模型基于连续性和达西方程，这些方程以沿山坡的存储量表示。 HSB方程的解通过引入山坡宽度函数显着考虑了平面形状，并通过基岩坡度角和山坡土壤深度函数明确了轮廓曲率。提出的模型由三部分组成：一个概念化的三维土壤地貌景观的地形模型，一个用于浅地下地下水流和地下水位深度的动态水文学模型（HSB模型）以及一个基于Mohr-Coulomb破坏定律的无限边坡稳定方法。由此产生的坡度存储Boussinesq稳定性模型（HSB-SM）能够模拟基岩坡度不恒定且平面形状不平行的山坡上降雨引起的浅层滑坡。我们将该模型应用于具有三种不同轮廓曲率（凹，直，凸）和三种不同平面形状（会聚，平行，发散）的九种特征性山坡类型。在提出的模型中，已经基于单位水头梯度假设计算了非饱和储量。为了放松这个假设并研究忽略非饱和存储变化对瞬态情况下边坡稳定性评估的影响，我们还将饱和和非饱和存储耦合模型与无限边坡稳定性方法相结合。结果表明，非饱和带储层的变化对斜坡稳定性没有关键作用。因此，可以得出结论，所提出的动态边坡稳定性模型（HSB-SM）可以安全地用于复杂斜坡的边坡稳定性分析。我们的研究结果表明，经过一定的降雨后，具有凹形和直形轮廓的会聚山坡变得不稳定，而发散的凸面山坡仍保持稳定（即使经过强降雨也是如此）。此外，还研究了地下流量与山坡稳定性之间的关系。我们的分析表明，当地下流量最大时，会出现最小安全系数（FS）。实际上，通过增加地下流量，所有山坡形状的稳定性都会下降。版权所有（c）2008 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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