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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Soil and water losses from new citrus orchards growing on sloped soils in the western Mediterranean basin
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Soil and water losses from new citrus orchards growing on sloped soils in the western Mediterranean basin

机译：地中海西部盆地倾斜土壤上生长的新柑桔园的水土流失

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摘要

Ten representative research sites were selected in eastern Spain to assess soil erosion rates and processes in new citrus orchards on sloping soils. The experimental plots were located at representatives sites on limestone, in areas with 498 to 715 mm year(-1) mean annual rainfall, north-facing slopes, herbicide treated, and new (less than 3 years old) plantations. Ten rainfall simulation experiments (1 h at 55 mm h(-1) on 0.25 m(2) plots) were carried out at each of the 10 selected study sites to determine the interill soil erosion and runoff rates. The 100 rainfall simulation tests (10 x 10 m) showed that ponding and runoff occurred in all the plots, and quickly: 121 and 195 s, respectively, following rainfall initiation. Runoff discharge was one third of the rainfall, and sediment concentration reached 10.4 g L-1. The soil erosion rates were 2.4 Mg ha(-1) h(-1) under 5-year return period rainfall thunderstorms. These are among the highest soil erosion rates measured in the western Mediterranean basin, similar to badland, mine spoil and road embankment land surfaces. The positive relationship between runoff discharge and sediment concentration (r(2) = 0.83) shows that the sediment availability is very high. Soil erosion rates on new citrus orchards growing on sloped soils are neither tolerable nor sustainable.
机译：在西班牙东部选择了十个有代表性的研究地点，以评估坡地上新柑桔园的土壤侵蚀速率和过程。实验地块位于石灰岩的代表性地点，年平均降雨量为498至715 mm（-1），北坡，经除草剂处理以及新的（不到3年）人工林。在10个选定的研究地点中的每个地点进行了十次降雨模拟实验（在0.25 m（2）的图上，在55 mm h（-1）处1 h），以确定土壤间的土壤侵蚀和径流速率。 100次降雨模拟测试（10 x 10 m）表明，所有土地上都发生积水和径流，并且在降雨开始后迅速分别为121和195 s。径流流量是降雨量的三分之一，沉积物浓度达到10.4 g L-1。在5年的回归期降雨雷暴下，土壤侵蚀速率为2.4 Mg ha（-1）h（-1）。这是地中海西部盆地测得的最高土壤侵蚀率之一，类似于荒地，矿渣和路堤地面。径流流量与沉积物浓度之间的正相关关系（r（2）= 0.83）表明沉积物的利用率非常高。在倾斜土壤上生长的新柑桔园的土壤侵蚀率既不能忍受也不可持续。

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