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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Using magnetic susceptibility to assess soil degradation in the Eastern Rif, Morocco
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Using magnetic susceptibility to assess soil degradation in the Eastern Rif, Morocco

机译：利用磁化率评估摩洛哥东部里夫的土壤退化

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摘要

The soil in the Rif, Morocco, is at serious risk because increasing anthropogenic pressures are gradually transforming large natural areas into farmland. The distribution of magnetic minerals within the soil profile can be used to assess soil development and degradation. The soils in the study area are severely eroded because of a combination of highly erodible soils, intense rainstorms and scarce vegetation cover. To sample of representative soil profiles, lithology, slope gradient and land use were considered. The ranges of magnetic susceptibility in the soil profiles distinguished between two primary soil groups. Magnetic susceptibility varied in the soil profile and along the soil toposequence, and the variations were related to the differences in the original magnetic composition and the influence of main erosion factors. Lithology is the main factor contributing to the variation in magnetic susceptibility. The magnetic susceptibility values in soils on Tertiary marls (chi = 13.5 x 10(-8) m(3) kg(-1)) differed significantly from those on Quaternary terraces (chi = 122.1 x 10(-8) m(3) kg(-1)). Slope affected the distribution of Magnetic susceptibility because of the continuous loss of topsoil in some parts of the slope and the deposition of eroded soil in others. Elimination of the natural vegetation cover and a Shift to Cultivated land for cereals has had a negative impact on soil development and, on similar slopes and substrates, magnetic Susceptibility decreased significantly in Cultivated soils. The soils on steep slopes that had natural vegetation cover retained the magnetic minerals better than did those on gentler slopes that were under cultivation. Grazing, clearing and, especially, tilling has weakened the soil and made it much more Vulnerable to erosion. An analysis of the main factors causing erosion will help to promote rational use of the land and to establish conservation Strategies in Such fragile agroecosystems.
机译：摩洛哥里夫（Rif）的土壤处于严重的危险之中，因为人为压力的增加正在将大片自然地区逐渐转变为农田。土壤剖面中磁性矿物的分布可用于评估土壤发育和退化。由于高侵蚀性土壤，强烈的暴雨和稀少的植被覆盖，研究区域的土壤被严重侵蚀。为了采样代表性土壤剖面，考虑了岩性，坡度和土地利用。土壤剖面中的磁化率范围在两个主要土壤组之间有所区别。磁化率在土壤剖面和沿土壤的后序变化，并且变化与原始磁化成分的差异和主要侵蚀因子的影响有关。岩性是导致磁化率变化的主要因素。第三纪泥土（chi = 13.5 x 10（-8）m（3）kg（-1））上土壤的磁化率值与第四纪阶地（chi = 122.1 x 10（-8）m（3））有显着差异千克（-1））。斜坡影响了磁化率的分布，因为在斜坡的某些部分连续失去表层土，而在另一些地方则沉积了侵蚀的土壤。消除自然植被覆盖和谷物转向耕地对土壤发展产生了负面影响，并且在类似的斜坡和基质上，耕地的磁化率显着下降。具有自然植被覆盖的陡坡上的土壤比耕种较平缓的斜坡上的土壤更好地保留了磁性矿物。放牧，清理，尤其是耕作削弱了土壤，使其更容易受到侵蚀。对造成侵蚀的主要因素进行分析，将有助于促进土地的合理利用并在这种脆弱的农业生态系统中建立保护战略。

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