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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Temporal variability of suspended sediment sources in an alpine catchment combining river/rainfall monitoring and sediment fingerprinting
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Temporal variability of suspended sediment sources in an alpine catchment combining river/rainfall monitoring and sediment fingerprinting

机译：结合河流/降雨监测和泥沙指纹识别的高流域悬浮泥沙源的时间变化

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摘要

Influence of the rainfall regime on erosion and transfer of suspended sediment in a 905-km ~2 mountainous catchment of the southern French Alps was investigated by combining sediment monitoring, rainfall data, and sediment fingerprinting (based on geochemistry and radionuclide concentrations). Suspended sediment yields were monitored between October 2007 and December 2009 in four subcatchments (22-713km ~2). Automatic sediment sampling was triggered during floods to trace the sediment origin in the catchment. Sediment exports at the river catchment outlet (330±100tkm ~(-2)yr ~(-1)) were mainly driven (80%) by widespread rainfall events (long duration, low intensities). In contrast, heavy, local and short duration storms, generated high peak discharges and suspended sediment concentrations in small upstream torrents. However, these upstream floods had generally not the capacity to transfer the sediment down to the catchment outlet and the bulk of this fine sediment deposited along downstream sections of the river. This study also confirmed the important contribution of black marls (up to 70%) to sediment transported in rivers, although this substrate only occupies c. 10% of the total catchment surface. Sediment exports generated by local convective storms varied significantly at both intra- and inter-flood scales, because of spatial heterogeneity of rainfall. However, black marls/marly limestones contribution remained systematically high. In contrast, widespread flood events that generate the bulk of annual sediment supply at the outlet were characterized by a more stable lithologic composition and by a larger contribution of limestones/marls, Quaternary deposits and conglomerates, which corroborates the results of a previous sediment fingerprinting study conducted on riverbed sediment.
机译：通过结合沉积物监测，降雨数据和沉积物指纹（基于地球化学和放射性核素浓度），研究了降雨方式对法国南部阿尔卑斯山905 km〜2山区流域的悬浮沉积物侵蚀和迁移的影响。在2007年10月至2009年12月之间，在四个子汇水区（22-713 km〜2）对悬浮泥沙产量进行了监测。在洪水期间触发了自动泥沙采样，以追踪集水区的泥沙起源。流域出口（330±100tkm〜（-2）yr〜（-1））的泥沙出口主要是由降雨事件（持续时间长，强度低）引起的（80％）。相反，大，局部和短时暴风雨在上游上游洪流中产生高峰值流量和悬浮的泥沙浓度。但是，这些上游洪水通常没有能力将沉积物向下输送到集水口，并且这些细小沉积物的大部分沿河的下游部分沉积。这项研究还证实了黑泥土（高达70％）对河流中沉积物的重要贡献，尽管这种底物仅占c。总集水面积的10％。由于降雨的空间异质性，局部对流风暴产生的沉积物出口在洪水内部和洪水间规模上都有很大差异。但是，黑泥灰岩/灰泥灰岩的贡献仍然保持系统性。相比之下，洪灾事件在出口处产生大量的年度沉积物供应，其特征是岩性成分更稳定，石灰石/泥灰岩，第四纪沉积物和砾岩的贡献更大，这证实了先前的沉积物指纹研究的结果在河床沉积物上进行。

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