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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Stemflow production and intrastorm rainfall intensity variation:an experimental analysis using laboratory rainfall simulation
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Stemflow production and intrastorm rainfall intensity variation:an experimental analysis using laboratory rainfall simulation

机译：茎流产生与暴雨内降雨强度变化：基于实验室降雨模拟的实验分析

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Laboratory rainfall simulation experiments using a small artificial olive tree are used to show that the fraction of rain falling at a constant intensity that becomes stemflow rises from 9% at 2.5 mm/h to 36.1% at 35 mm/h. Natural rainfall events commonly exhibit wide fluctuations of intensity. Simulated rainfall events each having a mean intensity of 10 mm/h, but containing short intensity peaks of 20 to 100 mm/h at varying intra-event positions, were used to explore the effect of varying intensity profiles. Results demonstrate that changes in rainfall event profile are associated with wide variation in stemflow flux, stemflow volume and stemflow fraction. When applied to an initially dry plant, rainfall events with a late intensity peak yielded an average peak stemflow flux up to 188% larger than events of contrasting profile, such as early peak events. The increase was smaller, up to 141%, when rain was applied to plants that were already partially wet, but was again found in events with a late intensity peak. Moreover, such events yielded a peak stemflow flux up to approximately seven times larger than comparable events of uniform intensity. Likewise, changing event profile with no change in rainfall depth was associated with a maximum stemflow fraction that was 31% larger than theminimum stemflow fraction, and a maximum stemflow volume that was nearly 37% larger than the minimum stemflow volume. These results suggest that rainfall event profile exerts a significant effect on all of the studied stemflow parameters. It is hypothesized that this is a consequence of the way in which intensity profile affects the rate of wetting-up of trickle pathways on the plant, and variation in the time taken for these pathways to become fully connected. Event profile must therefore be considered along with plant architecture in seeking to understand stemflow.
机译：使用一棵小人造橄榄树的实验室降雨模拟实验表明，以恒定强度下降的雨量，即茎流，从2.5 mm / h的9％增加到35 mm / h的36.1％。自然降雨事件通常表现出强度的广泛波动。模拟的降雨事件每个平均强度为10 mm / h，但在不同的事件内位置都包含20至100 mm / h的短强度峰值，用于研究不同强度剖面的影响。结果表明，降雨事件剖面的变化与茎流通量，茎流体积和茎流分数的广泛变化有关。当应用于最初干燥的植物时，强度峰值较晚的降雨事件产生的平均峰值干流通量比对比特征的事件（如早期峰值事件）大高达188％。当雨水施加到已经部分潮湿的植物上时，增加幅度较小，最高为141％，但是在强度峰值较晚的事件中再次发现。此外，此类事件产生的峰值干流通量比均匀强度的可比事件高出大约七倍。同样，在没有降雨深度变化的情况下变化的事件剖面与最大茎流量比最小茎流量比大31％，最大茎流量比最小茎流量比大近37％。这些结果表明，降雨事件剖面对所有研究的茎流参数均具有显着影响。据推测，这是强度分布影响植物trick流途径的浸润速率以及这些途径完全连接所花费的时间变化方式的结果。因此，在试图了解茎流时，必须与事件架构一起考虑事件配置文件。

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