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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Wind erosion in a marginal Mediterranean dryland area: a case study from the khanasser valley, Syria
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Wind erosion in a marginal Mediterranean dryland area: a case study from the khanasser valley, Syria

机译：地中海边缘干旱地区的风蚀：以叙利亚卡纳瑟谷为例

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摘要

Evidence of wind erosion is widespread in the drylands of the Mediterranean region. The purpose of this study was to quantify the extent of windblown dust and to assess the factors that affect the susceptibility to wind erosion in areas that are marginal due to their aridity. The study was carried out in Khanasser Valley, a typical degraded, marginal area in northwestern Syria. The average annual rainfall is about 200 mm and falls mainly in the winter months. In the valley floor, cultivation of rainfed barley using conventional tillage has spread over the past decades due to mechanization, reducing the area of natural grazing land. After harvest, the stubble is grazed by sheep leaving the land bare and vulnerable to wind erosion during the following hot and dry summer months. BSNE (Big Spring Number Eight) samplers were installed to sample the horizontal flux of airborne dust during the summer months of 1998-2001 at two land uses in the study area, i.e. on natural grazing land and on harvested and grazed barley fields. Sediment samples were collected at weekly intervals. The average daily mass flux of airborne material for the 5 to 100 em height was 0.285 g cm~(-1) width for the cropland, as compared to 0.089 g cm~(-1) width for the degraded grazing land. During two of the four seasons, snore than 45 per cent of the total airborne sediment trapped for the season was captured during a single week, at both landuse locations. The quantity of airborne materials transported by wind was related to the wind factor, soil management and surface conditions. Nutrient and organic matter content of the airborne sediments exceeded the amounts in the parent soils, indicating that wind erosion could contribute to nutrient depletion of the source areas.
机译：风蚀的证据在地中海地区的干旱地区十分普遍。这项研究的目的是量化风吹尘埃的程度，并评估那些因干旱而处于边缘的地区影响风蚀敏感性的因素。这项研究是在叙利亚西北部典型的退化边缘地区Khanasser谷地进行的。年平均降雨量为200毫米左右，主要是在冬季。在山谷地带，由于机械化，过去几十年来使用常规耕作的大麦栽培已经扩大，减少了自然牧场的面积。收割后，绵羊会把草茬放牧，使土地裸露，在接下来的炎热干燥的夏季，容易遭受风蚀。在研究区域的两个土地用途（即自然放牧地以及收获和放牧的大麦田地）上，安装了BSNE（八号春季大弹簧）采样器，以在1998-2001年夏季的几个月中对空中尘埃的水平通量进行采样。每周收集一次沉积物样品。农田中5至100 em高度的空气传播物质的平均日质量通量为0.285 g cm〜（-1）宽度，而退化草地的平均每日通量为0.089 g cm〜（-1）。在四个季节的两个季节中，在两个土地使用地点的一周内，打sn的季节下来捕获的悬浮空气中沉积物总量的45％以上。风中运输的空运物料的数量与风因子，土壤管理和地表条件有关。空气中沉积物的营养和有机质含量超过了母体土壤中的含量，这表明风蚀可能会造成源区养分的消耗。

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