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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Assessment of detachment and sediment transport capacity of runoff by field experiments on a silt loam soil
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Assessment of detachment and sediment transport capacity of runoff by field experiments on a silt loam soil

机译：泥质壤土土壤径流流失及输沙能力评价

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The detachment capacity (D-c) and transport capacity (T-c) of overland flow are important variables in the assessment of soil erosion. They determine respectively the lower and upper limit of sediment transport by runoff and therefore control detachment and deposition processes. In this study, the detachment and transport capacity of runoff was investigated by rainfall simulations and overland flow experiments on small field plots. On the bare field plots, it was found that T-c was strongly related to total runoff discharge. This was also observed for the plots covered by maize residues, but T-c was less due to the lower runoff velocity. A simple regression equation was derived to estimate T-c for both bare and covered soil. Comparing our observations with T-c equations mentioned in the literature revealed that T-c equations based on laboratory experiments overestimated, on average, our measurements. Although T-c can be assessed more easily in laboratory experiments, the applicability of the results to field conditions remains questionable. Detachment by runoff was also related to total runoff discharge. The D-c values were, however, 4-50 times smaller than the T-c at corresponding high and low runoff discharge. This indicates that detachment by runoff constitutes only part of the transported sediment. Interrill erosion supplies an important additional amount of sediment. In this study, however, only sealed soils were considered. In the case of freshly tilled, loose soils, the D-c of runoff may be larger, resulting in a larger contribution to the total soil loss. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：土地流的分离能力（D-c）和运输能力（T-c）是评估土壤侵蚀的重要变量。它们分别通过径流确定沉积物输送的下限和上限，从而控制分离和沉积过程。在这项研究中，通过降雨模拟和小田间土地流试验研究了径流的分离和运输能力。在裸露地块上，发现T-c与总径流量密切相关。在玉米残留覆盖的地块上也观察到了这一点，但是由于较低的径流速度，T-c较小。推导了一个简单的回归方程来估算裸土和覆盖土的T-c。将我们的观察结果与文献中提到的T-c方程进行比较后发现，基于实验室实验的T-c方程平均高估了我们的测量结果。尽管在实验室实验中可以更轻松地评估T-c，但结果对田间条件的适用性仍然存在疑问。径流分离也与径流总量有关。然而，在相应的高径流量和低径流量下，D-c值比T-c小4-50倍。这表明径流的脱离仅构成了所输送沉积物的一部分。钻头间侵蚀提供了大量额外的沉积物。然而，在这项研究中，只考虑了密封土壤。如果是新鲜耕作的松散土壤，径流的D-c可能会更大，导致对总土壤流失的贡献更大。版权所有（C）2008 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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