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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >The influence of parent material on topsoil geochemistry in eastern england
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The influence of parent material on topsoil geochemistry in eastern england

机译：母体材料对英格兰东部表土地球化学的影响

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摘要

The topsoil of around 10000 km~2 in eastern England has recently been sampled intensely at 4609 sites to characterize its geochemistry. The parent materials, which include both solid geology and Quaternary sediments, range in age from Permian to Holocene. The distributions of the concentrations of major and trace elements have been characterized geostatistically, and the role of parent material on their spatial structure (anisotropy) and their spatial relationships (coregionalization) have been investigated. Analysis of variance with the sites grouped by major parent material type showed that this classification accounted for 14 to 48 per cent of the variance for the various for the various elements. Global variograms of 13 elements (Al, As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Ti, and U) have been computed and modelled. Eleven of the variograms seem to comprise two structures, both of which we modelled with spherical functions, one of short range, 3.5 to 9 km, and the other with a range of 15 to 23 km. The models included a nugget variance, which varied from 27 per cent (for As, Fe, and Mg) to 63 per cent (for P) of the total. The long-range structures are related to the separations of the major parent materials. The variograms of several elements showed appreciable anisotropy, most notably that of Mg. Anisotropy is evident at short ranges of less than 5 km. This accords with the geological structure of the beds which dip from west to east so that their outcrops are elongated from north to south. A linear model of coregionalization fitted to the data emphasized several important geochemical associations, which we interpret. Elements commonly associated with clay minerals (Mg, Al) and the clay size fraction (Ti) are dominated by the long-range structure of the coregionalization, whilst several trace elements (As, Cr, Ni and U) are spatially correlated with Fe over short distances, through adsorption of the former on the surfaces of Fe oxyhydroxides. The topsoil around large urban areas is enriched in lead, but it is not clear whether anthropogenic sources are responsible for this metal's anomalous spatial relationships with other elements.
机译：最近，在英格兰东部的10000 km〜2附近的表土在4609个站点进行了密集采样，以表征其地球化学特征。母体材料的年龄范围从二叠纪到全新世，包括固体地质学和第四纪沉积物。主要和微量元素的浓度分布已通过地统计学方法进行了表征，并研究了母体材料对其空间结构（各向异性）及其空间关系（共区域化）的作用。对按主要母体材料类型分组的位点进行的方差分析表明，这种分类占各种要素的方差的14％至48％。已经对13种元素（Al，As，Ca，Cr，Cu，Fe，Mg，Mo，Ni，P，Pb，Ti和U）的全局变异函数进行了计算和建模。十一个变异函数似乎包含两个结构，我们都用球形函数对它们进行了建模，一个是短距离3.5至9 km，另一个是15至23 km。这些模型包括金块差异，其变化范围为总数的27％（对于As，Fe和Mg）到63％（对于P）。远程结构与主要母体材料的分离有关。几种元素的方差图显示出明显的各向异性，最显着的是Mg的各向异性。在小于5 km的短距离内各向异性很明显。这与从西向东倾斜的地层的地质结构相符，因此其露头从北向南拉长。拟合数据的共分区线性模型强调了几个重要的地球化学联系，我们对此进行了解释。通常与黏土矿物（Mg，Al）和黏土粒度分数（Ti）相关的元素主要由共区域化的长程结构主导，而一些微量元素（As，Cr，Ni和U）在空间上与Fe关联。通过将前者吸附在羟基氧化铁的表面上，可以缩短距离。大市区周围的表层土壤富含铅，但尚不清楚人为来源是否负责该金属与其他元素的异常空间关系。

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