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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >The spatial variation of weathering and soil depth across a Triassic sandstone outcrop
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The spatial variation of weathering and soil depth across a Triassic sandstone outcrop

机译：三叠系砂岩露头风化和土壤深度的空间变化

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摘要

In this study, we used an archive of borehole logs from the British Geological Survey to collect information on the spatial structure of weathering that extends from the surface to competent bedrock across the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone Group outcrop (750km2), in the East Midlands, UK. The borehole logs were used to estimate the thickness of the soil (n = 280) and soil and saprolite (S&S) to competent rock (n = 500). The weathering profile of the sandstone consisted of soil (median thickness ～ 1·5m) overlying a transition zone of compacted and weakly cemented weathered sandstone saprolite over bedrock. Topographic analysis using a NEXTMAP 5m × 5m digital elevation model (DEM) revealed no significant relationships between slope properties (relief, flow length, flow accumulation or slope angle) and soil or S&S thickness. A weak, but statistically significant correlation was found between the thickness of the soil and S&S (r_s = 0·25, p < 0·001, n = 192). The variation in soil thickness may be related to changes in current and historic and land-use, variation in sandstone properties and the influence of glacial/peri-glacial processes. The thickness of the saprolite was more variable towards the southern part of the study area, where it increased to a maximum 40m. We hypothesize and provide evidence that the greater weathering thickness is related to the occurrence of increased faulting in this part of the study region, allowing increased access to meteoric waters. A possible source of increased water supply is meltwater from Quaternary ice sheets; the overburden of ice may have increased sub-glacial pore water pressure, with the fractures and faults acting as a drainage system for the removal of dissolved weathering products.
机译：在这项研究中，我们使用了来自英国地质调查局的钻孔测井档案，以收集有关风化的空间结构的信息，该风化的空间结构从地表延伸到称职的基岩，横穿了英国东米德兰兹的三叠纪舍伍德砂岩群露头（750平方公里）。 。钻孔测井被用来估计土壤的厚度（n = 280）以及土壤和腐泥土（S＆S）到称职的岩石（n = 500）。砂岩的风化剖面由土壤（中层厚度〜1·5m）组成，覆盖在基岩上的压实和弱胶结的风化砂岩腐泥土过渡带上。使用NEXTMAP 5m×5m数字高程模型（DEM）进行的地形分析表明，边坡特性（浮雕，水流长度，水流堆积或边坡角）与土壤或S＆S厚度之间没有显着关系。在土壤厚度和S＆S之间发现了微弱但在统计学上显着的相关性（r_s = 0·25，p <0·001，n = 192）。土壤厚度的变化可能与当前和历史，土地利用的变化，砂岩特性的变化以及冰川/冰河过程的影响有关。在研究区域的南部，腐泥土的厚度变化更大，最大增加到40m。我们假设并提供证据表明，更大的风化厚度与研究区域这一部分断层增加的发生有关，从而增加了进入流域水域的机会。第四纪冰盖的融水可能是增加供水量的来源。冰的覆盖层可能增加了冰川下的孔隙水压力，而裂缝和断层则作为排水系统来去除溶解的风化产物。

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