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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Historic range of variability in geomorphic processes as a context for restoration: Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA
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Historic range of variability in geomorphic processes as a context for restoration: Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA

机译：地貌过程变异性的历史范围作为恢复背景：美国科罗拉多州落基山国家公园

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摘要

Evaluation of historic range of variability (HRV) is an effective tool for determining baseline conditions and providing context to researchers and land managers seeking to understand and enhance ecological function. Incorporating HRV into restoration planning acknowledges the dynamic quality of landscapes by allowing variability and disturbance at reasonable levels and permitting riverine landscapes to adapt to the physical processes of their watersheds. HRV analysis therefore represents a practical (though under-utilized) method for quantifying process-based restoration goals. We investigated HRV of aggradational processes in the subalpine Lulu City wetland in Rocky Mountain National Park to understand the impacts of two centuries of altered land use and to guide restoration planning following a human-caused debris flow in 2003 that deposited up to 1m of sand and gravel in the wetland. Historic aerial photograph interpretation, ground penetrating radar surveys, and trenching, coring, and radiocarbon dating of valley-bottom sediments were used to map sediment deposits, quantify aggradation rates, and identify processes (in-channel and overbank fluvial deposition, direct hillslope input, beaver pond filling, peat accumulation) creating alluvial fill within the wetland. Results indicate (i) the Lulu City wetland has been aggrading for several millennia, (ii) the aggradation rate of the past one to two centuries is approximately six times higher than long-term pre-settlement averages, (iii) during geomorphically active periods, short-term aggradation rates during the pre-settlement period were probably much higher than the long-term average rate, and (iv) the processes of aggradation during the last two centuries are the same as historic processes of aggradation. Understanding the HRV of aggradation rates and processes can constrain management and restoration scenarios by quantifying the range of disturbance from which a landscape can recover without active restoration.
机译：评估历史变异性（HRV）是确定基线条件并为寻求了解和增强生态功能的研究人员和土地管理人员提供背景的有效工具。将HRV纳入恢复计划可以通过在合理的水平上允许变化和扰动，并允许河流景观适应其流域的物理过程来认可景观的动态质量。因此，HRV分析代表了一种实用的方法（尽管未充分利用），用于量化基于过程的恢复目标。我们调查了落基山国家公园亚高山露露市湿地的蒸散过程的HRV，以了解两个世纪以来土地利用变化的影响，并指导人为泥石流（2003年沉积了1m沙子和水）后的恢复规划。湿地上的碎石。历史性的航拍照片解释，探地雷达勘测以及谷底沉积物的挖沟，取芯和放射性碳测年被用来绘制沉积物图，量化凝结速率并确定过程（河道内和河岸上游河床沉积，直接山坡输入，海狸池塘填充，泥炭堆积）在湿地内产生冲积填充物。结果表明：（i）露露市湿地已有几千年的积淀;（ii）过去一到两个世纪的积淀速率比长期的平均沉降水平高出六倍;（iii）在地貌活跃时期，结算前期的短期凝结率可能远高于长期平均率，并且（iv）最近两个世纪的凝结过程与历史性的凝结过程相同。了解凝集速率和过程的HRV，可以通过量化扰动范围来限制管理和恢复方案，而无需主动恢复就可以从中恢复景观。

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