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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Channel incision and flow increase of the upper wisloka river, southern poland, subsequent to the reafforestation of its catchment
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Channel incision and flow increase of the upper wisloka river, southern poland, subsequent to the reafforestation of its catchment

机译：在集水区重新造林之后，波兰南部维斯洛卡河上游的河道切口和流量增加

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摘要

Changes in channel geometry and flows following catchment afforestation are demonstrated for the upper Wisloka River, southern Poland. The montane part of its catchment was dramatically depopulated in the mid-1940s, resulting in considerable reduction of agricultural activity in the area. As a consequence, forest cover increased from 30 per cent in 1938 to 67 per cent in 1995, mainly due to natural expansion of forest on hillslopes. Reafforestation and the decrease of human activity have significantly limited sediment delivery to the stream channel. Stabilization of the river course by valley slopes in the montane reach, and due to channelization works in the foothill reach, has prevented the upper Wisloka from adjusting its transporting ability through an increase in channel sinuosity. Under such conditions, the excess stream power has been dissipated by bed scouring and more than 2 m of channel incision occurred by 1995. River incision has resulted in increased concentration of flood flows in a river cross-section, the increased velocity of the channel and floodplain flows, and the reduced potential for sediment storage in the floodplain area. Results from this study indicate that successful channel management decisions must take into account changes in river regime resulting from alterations in catchment management. A considerable increase in mean annual discharge of the upper Wisloka, only partly explained by an increase in precipitation, has been recorded in the last few decades. The 'excessive' increase in streamflow does not reflect increased water runoff from the catchment. Rather, water that was transferred downvalley within the valley floor gravels prior to channel incision, and was not included in the gauged record, now forms a part of river flows.
机译：在波兰南部维斯洛卡河上游，流域造林后河道的几何形状和流量发生了变化。其流域的山地部分在1940年代中期急剧减少，导致该地区的农业活动大大减少。结果，森林覆盖率从1938年的30％增加到1995年的67％，这主要是由于山坡上森林的自然扩张所致。重新造林和人类活动的减少大大限制了沉积物向河道的输送。山区河谷坡度对河道的稳定作用以及山麓河段的河道化工程，阻碍了维斯洛卡河上游通过增加河道弯曲度来调节其运输能力。在这种情况下，河床冲刷消散了过剩的水流动力，到1995年发生了超过2 m的河道切口。河道切口导致河道断面洪水流量增加，河道速度增加，河道速度增加。洪泛区的流动，并减少了洪泛区的沉积物储量。这项研究的结果表明，成功的航道管理决策必须考虑到因集水区管理变更而引起的河道变化。在过去的几十年中，记录了维斯洛卡河上游的年平均排放量的显着增加，这只能部分解释为降水增加。流量的“过度”增加并没有反映出集水区径流的增加。相反，在河道切割之前，从谷底砾石中向下流向谷底的水已经被转移到河流中了，但没有包括在测量记录中。

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