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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Human-induced overbank sedimentation in the foreland of the eastern sudety mountains
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Human-induced overbank sedimentation in the foreland of the eastern sudety mountains

机译：东苏迪山脉前陆中人为引起的堤岸沉积

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摘要

Analysis of a 2-3 m thick vertical sequence of fine-grained overbank alluvial sediments on the foreland of the Eastern Sudety Mountains reveals that these sediments resulted from human land use changes. Following the Holocene climatic amelioration the first farmers and breeders, migrating northward from the Danube Basin, crossed the limit of the Sudety-Carpathians and settled the loess-covered Glubczyce Plateau about 7000 years ago. The farming and breeding tribes of Early Bronze Age created the compact settlement structure of the Lusitian culture here about 1600-1300 years BC. The first forest clearance began at this time. Slavic settlements existed here in Early Medieval times from at least the 6th and 7th centuries onwards. Later, economic expansion of the Opole Duchy and increased population density (up to 20-30 persons/km~2) caused an increase in soil erosion and flood amplitudes. Investigation of small-radius palaeomeander infills adjacent to the main channels indicates that fossilization of organic material that filled hese palaeochannels started in Early Medieval times due to more frequent flood waves and an increased rate of overbank sedimentation. In channel undercuts, 'older' alluvia have well-developed cambic gleyo-fluvisols while 'younger' homogenous alluvia do not have traces of soil processes. Analysis of heavy metal concentrations in 'older' and 'younger' deposits indicates very similar concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc. This indicates that the source of these alluvia was the transfer of sediments from the mainly deforested part of the drainage basin. Therefore, since at least Early Medieval times, and possibly even earlier, the Glubczyce Plateau has been a deforested region. Despite the mountainous character of the headwater area of rivers in the Eastern Sudety foreland, sediment transfer from submountainous loess-covered uplands, induced by human activity, is clearly marked in the granulometric and geochemical properties of the vertical sequences of overbank deposits.
机译：对东苏迪底山前陆上2-3 m厚的细粒河岸冲积沉积物垂直序列的分析表明，这些沉积物是由于人类土地利用的变化而产生的。全新世气候改善之后，第一批农民和育种者从多瑙河盆地向北迁移，越过了苏迪-喀尔巴阡山脉的边界，并在大约7000年前定居了黄土覆盖的古鲁布奇采高原。青铜时代早期的农业和繁育部落在大约公元前1600-1300年间在这里形成了鲁西斯文化的紧凑型定居结构。这时开始了第一次森林砍伐。至少从6世纪和7世纪开始，中世纪早期就在这里存在斯拉夫定居点。后来，奥波莱公国（Opole Duchy）的经济扩张和人口密度的增加（高达20-30人/ km〜2）导致土壤侵蚀和洪水幅度增加。对主要通道附近的小半径古土壤填充物的研究表明，由于洪水泛滥和过高的河床沉积率增加，填充了这些古河道的有机物的化石在中世纪初期就开始了。在河道底切中，“较老”的Alluvia具有发育良好的生水格列香-氟维香醇，而“较年轻”的同质Alluvia没有土壤过程的痕迹。对“较老”和“较年轻”矿床中重金属浓度的分析表明，镉，铜，铅和锌的浓度非常相似。这表明这些降落素的来源是来自流域主要被砍伐森林的部分的沉积物转移。因此，至少从中世纪早期，甚至可能更早以来，格鲁比采高原一直是森林砍伐的地区。尽管东苏德蒂前陆河流上游水域具有山区特征，但人类活动引起的从山下黄土覆盖的高地的沉积物转移明显地体现在过岸沉积物垂直序列的粒度和地球化学性质上。

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