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首页> 外文期刊>Earth Surface Processes and Landforms: The journal of the British Geomorphological Research Group >Mapping gamma radiation and its uncertainty from weathering products in a Tasmanian landscape with a proximal sensor and random forest kriging
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Mapping gamma radiation and its uncertainty from weathering products in a Tasmanian landscape with a proximal sensor and random forest kriging

机译：使用近端传感器和随机森林克里金法绘制塔斯马尼亚风景中的风化产物的伽马辐射及其不确定性

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The radionuclides of potassium (~(40) K), uranium (~(238)U) and thorium (~(232)Th) emit from the land surface gamma radiation that is characteristic of the underlying rocks and the distribution of theirweathering products in the landscape.We measured the radiation along widely separated transects using a mobile proximal sensor over a 10 000-ha region of Tasmania. We supplemented the transect data with information from soil and geological maps and dense data from LandSat and SPOT imagery, a digital elevation model and terrain attributes on a grid at 30-mintervals so as to map the radionuclides.We used a sequence of steps, startingwith a spatial bootstrap and randomforests to predict emissions across the study area and at sampling points excluded from the bootstrap samples. The predictions at the sampling points were compared with the observed values to obtain residuals, which were then used to krige them at all points on the 30m grid. We combined the random forest and kriging predictions on the 30-m grid to obtain our random forest kriging predictions. Repeating the procedure 100 times provided confidence limits on our results and predictions. The resulting maps of the radionuclides accord well with what we know of the soil, lithology and topography of the region from other sources. Alluvial deposits with large amounts of potassium extend from the foot slopes of the GreatWestern Tiers and along the flood plains of the Meander River, providing evidence of previous widespread weathering and deposition of the material. The fertile Red Ferrosols (roughly equivalent to Ferralic Nitisols in theWorld reference base (WRB) classification) on the extensive Tertiary basalt plateau emit little gamma radiation as a result of deep weathering and of potassiummovement and accumulation down its talus slopes. Themaps show the complexity of the region in terms of soil, lithology and terrain, and they show the merits of gamma radiometry for mapping and understanding the distribution of materials in such regions. Copyright ? 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：钾（〜（40）K），铀（〜（238）U）和th（〜（232）Th）的放射性核素从地表发射出γ射线，这是下伏岩石及其风化产物分布的特征。我们使用移动近端传感器在塔斯马尼亚州10,000公顷的区域中测量了沿广泛分离的样线的辐射。我们用来自土壤和地质图的信息以及来自LandSat和SPOT影像的密集数据，数字高程模型和地形属性在30间隔的网格上补充了横断面数据，以绘制放射性核素。空间引导程序和随机森林，以预测整个研究区域以及引导程序样本排除的采样点处的排放。将采样点的预测值与观测值进行比较，以获得残差，然后将其用于在30m网格上的所有点进行克里格插值。我们将随机森林和克里金法预测结合在30米网格上，以获得我们的随机森林克里金法预测。重复该过程100次，对我们的结果和预测提供了置信度限制。由此产生的放射性核素图与我们对其他来源的该地区的土壤，岩性和地形的了解非常吻合。含钾量高的冲积沉积物从大西部地区的山脚斜坡一直延伸到沿着马德德河的洪泛平原，这为该物质先前的广泛风化和沉积提供了证据。广泛的第三纪玄武岩高原上肥沃的红色铁氧体（大致相当于世界参考库（WRB）分类中的Ferralic Nitisols）由于深层风化以及钾沿其距骨坡向移动和积累而很少发射伽马射线。这些图显示了该地区在土壤，岩性和地形方面的复杂性，并显示了伽马辐射测定法在绘制和了解此类区域中材料分布方面的优点。版权？ 2013 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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